VC获取系统临时文件夹temp

MSDN: 创建和使用一个临时文件

一、介绍

系统临时文件夹可用%tmp%或者%temp%查看，路径为C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Temp
获取临时文件夹路径GetTempPath， GetTempFileName获取临时文件夹下文件名

二、案例

这个应用程序打开一个文件指定的用户,并使用一个临时文件将文件转换为大写字母。 注意,给定的源文件被认为是一个ASCII文本文件和创建的新文件覆盖每次运行应用程序。

// ConsoleApplication1.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "Windows.h"
/* 
int main()
{
	HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(TEXT("text.txt"), GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_NEW, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
	if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		//MessageBox(TEXT("创建文件失败!"));
		return 1;
	}
	LARGE_INTEGER liDistanceToMove;
	liDistanceToMove.QuadPart = 102400000; //设置成这个大，单位字节
	if (!SetFilePointerEx(hFile, liDistanceToMove, NULL, FILE_BEGIN))
	{
	//	MessageBox(TEXT("移动文件指针失败!"));
	}
	if (!SetEndOfFile(hFile))
	{
	//	MessageBox(TEXT("设置文件尾失败!"));
	}
	CloseHandle(hFile);
    return 0;
}
*/
#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define BUFSIZE 1024

void PrintError(LPCTSTR errDesc);

int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR *argv[])
{
	HANDLE hFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
	HANDLE hTempFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;

	BOOL fSuccess = FALSE;
	DWORD dwRetVal = 0;
	UINT uRetVal = 0;

	DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
	DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;

	TCHAR szTempFileName[MAX_PATH];
	TCHAR lpTempPathBuffer[MAX_PATH];
	char  chBuffer[BUFSIZE];

	LPCTSTR errMsg;

	if (argc != 2)
	{
		_tprintf(TEXT("Usage: %s <file>\n"), argv[0]);
		return -1;
	}

	//  Opens the existing file. 
	hFile = CreateFile(argv[1],               // file name 
		GENERIC_READ,          // open for reading 
		0,                     // do not share 
		NULL,                  // default security 
		OPEN_EXISTING,         // existing file only 
		FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, // normal file 
		NULL);                 // no template 
	if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("First CreateFile failed"));
		return (1);
	}

	//  Gets the temp path env string (no guarantee it's a valid path).
	dwRetVal = GetTempPath(MAX_PATH,          // length of the buffer
		lpTempPathBuffer); // buffer for path 
	if (dwRetVal > MAX_PATH || (dwRetVal == 0))
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("GetTempPath failed"));
		if (!CloseHandle(hFile))
		{
			PrintError(TEXT("CloseHandle(hFile) failed"));
			return (7);
		}
		return (2);
	}
	_tprintf(TEXT("  %s\n"), lpTempPathBuffer);
	//  Generates a temporary file name. 
	uRetVal = GetTempFileName(lpTempPathBuffer, // directory for tmp files
		TEXT("DEMO"),     // temp file name prefix 
		0,                // create unique name 
		szTempFileName);  // buffer for name 

	_tprintf(TEXT("  %s\n"), szTempFileName);
	if (uRetVal == 0)
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("GetTempFileName failed"));
		if (!CloseHandle(hFile))
		{
			PrintError(TEXT("CloseHandle(hFile) failed"));
			return (7);
		}
		return (3);
	}

	//  Creates the new file to write to for the upper-case version.
	hTempFile = CreateFile((LPTSTR)szTempFileName, // file name 
		GENERIC_WRITE,        // open for write 
		0,                    // do not share 
		NULL,                 // default security 
		CREATE_ALWAYS,        // overwrite existing
		FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,// normal file 
		NULL);                // no template 
	if (hTempFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("Second CreateFile failed"));
		if (!CloseHandle(hFile))
		{
			PrintError(TEXT("CloseHandle(hFile) failed"));
			return (7);
		}
		return (4);
	}

	//  Reads BUFSIZE blocks to the buffer and converts all characters in 
	//  the buffer to upper case, then writes the buffer to the temporary 
	//  file. 
	do
	{
		if (ReadFile(hFile, chBuffer, BUFSIZE, &dwBytesRead, NULL))
		{
			//  Replaces lower case letters with upper case
			//  in place (using the same buffer). The return
			//  value is the number of replacements performed,
			//  which we aren't interested in for this demo.
			CharUpperBuffA(chBuffer, dwBytesRead);

			fSuccess = WriteFile(hTempFile,
				chBuffer,
				dwBytesRead,
				&dwBytesWritten,
				NULL);
			if (!fSuccess)
			{
				PrintError(TEXT("WriteFile failed"));
				return (5);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			PrintError(TEXT("ReadFile failed"));
			return (6);
		}
		//  Continues until the whole file is processed.
	} while (dwBytesRead == BUFSIZE);

	//  The handles to the files are no longer needed, so
	//  they are closed prior to moving the new file.
	if (!CloseHandle(hFile))
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("CloseHandle(hFile) failed"));
		return (7);
	}

	if (!CloseHandle(hTempFile))
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("CloseHandle(hTempFile) failed"));
		return (8);
	}

	//  Moves the temporary file to the new text file, allowing for differnt
	//  drive letters or volume names.
	fSuccess = MoveFileEx(szTempFileName,
		TEXT("AllCaps.txt"),
		MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING | MOVEFILE_COPY_ALLOWED);
	if (!fSuccess)
	{
		PrintError(TEXT("MoveFileEx failed"));
		return (9);
	}
	else
		_tprintf(TEXT("All-caps version of %s written to AllCaps.txt\n"), argv[1]);
	return (0);
}

//  ErrorMessage support function.
//  Retrieves the system error message for the GetLastError() code.
//  Note: caller must use LocalFree() on the returned LPCTSTR buffer.
LPCTSTR ErrorMessage(DWORD error)
{
	LPVOID lpMsgBuf;

	FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER
		| FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM
		| FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
		NULL,
		error,
		MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
		(LPTSTR)&lpMsgBuf,
		0,
		NULL);

	return((LPCTSTR)lpMsgBuf);
}

//  PrintError support function.
//  Simple wrapper function for error output.
void PrintError(LPCTSTR errDesc)
{
	LPCTSTR errMsg = ErrorMessage(GetLastError());
	_tprintf(TEXT("\n** ERROR ** %s: %s\n"), errDesc, errMsg);
	LocalFree((LPVOID)errMsg);
}