多线程经典案例：模仿储户取钱

银行取钱肯定不能透支这个是众所周知的，实现此功能就需要借助多线程的知识！

先来看一下采取同步措施前产生的结果：

好的，我们先来定义一个账户类：

/**
 * 账户类，含卡号，还有余额 通过同步方法防止出现余额为负的情况
 * 
 * @author Mr.Gao
 */
public class Account {
	private String accountNo;
	private double balance;

	public Account(String accountNo, double balance) {
		super();
		this.accountNo = accountNo;
		this.balance = balance;
	}

	public String getAccountNo() {
		return accountNo;
	}

	public void setAccountNo(String accountNo) {
		this.accountNo = accountNo;
	}

	public double getBalance() {
		return balance;
	}

	public void setBalance(double balance) {
		this.balance = balance;
	}

	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result
				+ ((accountNo == null) ? 0 : accountNo.hashCode());
		long temp;
		temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(balance);
		result = prime * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
		return result;
	}

	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		Account other = (Account) obj;
		if (accountNo == null) {
			if (other.accountNo != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!accountNo.equals(other.accountNo))
			return false;
		if (Double.doubleToLongBits(balance) != Double
				.doubleToLongBits(other.balance))
			return false;
		return true;
	}

	public String toString() {
		return "Account [accountNo=" + accountNo + ", balance=" + balance + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 同步取钱方法，防止余额为负
	 * @param accountAmount
	 */
	public synchronized void draw(double accountAmount) {
		if (balance > accountAmount) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "  取钱    "
					+ accountAmount + "  成功");
			try {
				Thread.sleep(100);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			balance -= accountAmount;
			System.out.println("余额为\t" + balance);
		} else {
			System.err.println("取钱失败");
		}
	}
}

定义一个线程类，主要演示同步方法，注释的部分为同步代码块的内容:

/**
 * 取钱线程采用的是继承的方式
 * 无须自己实现取钱的操作，直接调用account的draw()方法实现，符合"加锁--修改--释放锁"的逻辑
 * 符合 领域驱动设计（每个类都是完整的领域对象，例如用户账户提供相应的方法去处理账户所对应的需求） 
 * @author Mr.Gao
 * 
 */
public class DrawThread extends Thread {
	private Account account;
	private double drawAmount;

	public DrawThread(String name, Account account, double drawAmount) {
		super(name);
		this.account = account;
		this.drawAmount = drawAmount;
	}

	public void run() {
		// synchronized (account) {
		// if (account.getBalance() > drawAmount) {
		// System.out.println(this.getName() + "  取钱     " + drawAmount
		// + "   成功");
		//
		// try {
		// Thread.sleep(100);
		// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
		// // TODO Auto-generated catch block
		// e.printStackTrace();
		// }
		// account.setBalance(account.getBalance() - drawAmount);
		// System.out.println("余额为\t" + account.getBalance());
		//
		// } else {
		// System.out.println("余额不足");
		// }
		// }
		/*
		 *  直接调用account对象的draw()方法，同步方法的同步监视器是this，
		 *  this代表调用draw()方法的对象，也就是说，再进入draw()方法前先对account对象进行加锁
		 */
		account.draw(drawAmount);
	}

}

测试代码：

/**
 * 结果测试
 * 
 * @author Mr.Gao
 * 
 */
public class AccountTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Account acc = new Account("123", 1000);
		new DrawThread("甲", acc, 800).start();
		new DrawThread("乙", acc, 800).start();
	}
}

输出效果：