ARGC
同CARGIND
being processed 的index(英文的描述更精确一点)ARGV
同C.BINMODE
On non-POSIX systems, specifies use of binary mode for all file I/O. Numeric values of 1, 2, or 3,specify that input files, output files, or all files, respectively, should use binary I/O. String val-ues of "r", or "w" specify that input files, or output files, respectively, should use binary I/O .String values of "rw" or "wr" specify that all files should use binary I/O. Any other string value is treated as "rw", but generates a warning message.CONVFMT
设定文件(输入出/读入出)是否为二进制
The conversion format for numbers, "%.6g", by default.
用来改变数字格式的利器!
ENVIRON
An array containing the values of the current environment. The array is indexed by the environment variables, each element being the value of that variable (e.g., ENVIRON["HOME"] might be /home/arnold). Changing this arraydoes not affect the environment seen by programs which gawk spawns via redirection or the system() function.
环境变量的设定,从介绍中可以看出其实是一个hash表,支持通过key来查找value,不会改变系统当前的环境变量,gawk使用的是重定向或者使用system函数的方法实现。
ERRNO
If a system error occurs either doing a redirection for getline, during a read for getline, or during aclose(), then ERRNO will contain a string describing the error. The value is subject to translation in non-English locales.
返回字串类型的错误码
FIELDWIDTHS
A white-space separated list of fieldwidths. When set, gawk parses the input into fields of fixed width, instead of using the value of the FS variable as the field separator.
设定列宽,这个在严格设定大小的文件中有用,对于列宽未知的情况,还是使用FS设定(但是可以肯定的是设定列宽的操作会更快,想一想问什么:-))
FILENAME
The name of the current input file. If no files are specified on the command line, the value of FILE-NAME is <A1><B0>-<A1><B1>. However, FILENAME is undefined inside the BEGIN block (unless set by getline).
当前输入文件的名字,在BEGIN块中是未定义的(除非使用getline函数指定)。
FNR
The input record number in the current input file.
输入文件中的记录条数(因为记录不一定从文件的起始位置开始,而记录之间不一定用换行区分,因此造就了这么困难的表达……)
多理解理解。
IGNORECASE
Controls the case-sensitivity of all regular expression and string operations. If IGNORECASE has a non-zero value, then string comparisons and pattern matching in rules, field splitting with FS, record separating with RS, regular expression matching with ~ and !~, and the gensub(), gsub(), index(), match(), split(), and sub() built-in functions all ignore case when doing regular expression opera tions. NOTE: Array subscripting is not affected. However, the asort() and asorti() functions are affected. Thus, if IGNORECASE is not equal to zero, /aB/ matches all of the strings "ab", "aB", "Ab", and "AB". As with all AWK variables, the initial value of IGNORECASE is zero, so all regular expression and string operations are normally case-sensitive. Under Unix, the full ISO 8859-1 Latin-1 character set is used when ignoring case.
设定大小写敏感,针对正则和字符串操作。
LINT
Provides dynamic control of the --lint option from within an AWK program. When true, gawk prints lint warnings. When false, it does not. When assigned the string value "fatal", lint warnings become fatal errors, exactly like --lint=fatal. Any other true value just prints warnings.
可以用来设置警告为错误--lint=fatal。
NF
The number of fields in the current input record.
当前数据行列的个数。
NR
The total number of input records seen so far.
目前输入的记录个数。
OFMT
The output format for numbers, "%.6g", by default.
设定输出数字的格式。
OFS
The output field separator, a space by default.
设定输出的列之间的分隔符,默认为空格
ORS
The output record separator, by default a newline.
设定记录之间的分隔符,默认为换行
PROCINFO
The elements of this array provide access to information about the running AWK program. On some sys tems, there may be elements in the array, "group1" through "groupn" for some n, which is the number of supplementary groups that the process has. Use the in operator to test for these elements. The following elements are guaranteed to be available:
PROCINFO["egid"] the value of the getegid(2) system call.
PROCINFO["euid"] the value of the geteuid(2) system call.
PROCINFO["FS"] "FS" if field splitting with FS is in effect, or "FIELDWIDTHS" if field splitting with FIELDWIDTHS is in effect.
PROCINFO["gid"] the value of the getgid(2) system call.
PROCINFO["pgrpid"] the process group ID of the current process.
PROCINFO["pid"] the process ID of the current process.
PROCINFO["ppid"] the parent process ID of the current process.
PROCINFO["uid"] the value of the getuid(2) system call.
RS
The input record separator, by default a newline.
设定输入记录之间的分隔符,默认为换行
RT
The record terminator. Gawk sets RT to the input text that matched the character or regular expression specified by RS.
设定为和RS一致的**,不管是正则还是字符。
RSTART
The index of the first character matched by match(); 0 if no match. (This implies that character indices start at one.)
match函数找到的符合条件的第一个索引值,没有找到的话为0
RLENGTH
The length of the string matched by match(); -1 if no match.
相同字符的长度。
SUBSEP
The character used to separate multiple subscripts in array elements, by default "\034".
TEXTDOMAIN
The text domain of the AWK program; used to find the localized translations for the program‘s strings.
不太理解,需要实例学习,mark。