CreateFile 一点总结

CreateFile的函数原型如下：
HANDLE CreateFile( LPCTSTR lpFileName, DWORD dwDesiredAccess, DWORD dwShareMode, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, DWORD dwCreationDisposition, DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, HANDLE hTemplateFile );

其中dwDesiredAccess的值可以为 GENERIC_READ, GENERIC_WRITE, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE
dwShareMode可以为FILE_SHARE_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE。

关于这两个参数，MSDN里面有说明：
dwDesiredAccess 代表当前这个文件句柄可以做的操作，比如read, write, 或二者都有
dwShareMode 代表当前文件句柄没有关闭的同时，如果再打开同一个文件，那个新文件句柄可做的操作。

也就是：
HANDLE hFileCreate = ::CreateFile ("D://1.txt", da1, sm1, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, NULL, NULL); //hFileCreate 尚未关闭，再打开同一个文件 HANDLE hFileOpen = ::CreateFile ("D://1.txt", da2, sm2, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL); //...... CloseHandle (hFileOpen); CloseHandle (hFileCreate);


在这里，da2和sm1不能有冲突，同时sm2和da1不能有冲突，否则第二次打开将失败，hFileOpen 将为INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE

这四个值的有效组合如下 ：
(左边一列代表第一次打开时的组合，上面一列代表第二次打开同一文件的组合，
.代表第二次打开成功，X代表失败)
1/2 | R/R | R/W | R/RW| W/R | W/W | W/RW|RW/R |RW/W |RW/RW| R/R | . | X | . | X | X | X | X | X | X | R/W | X | X | X | . | X | . | X | X | X | R/RW | . | X | . | . | X | . | . | X | . | W/R | X | . | . | X | X | X | X | X | X | W/W | X | X | X | X | . | . | X | X | X | W/RW | X | . | . | X | . | . | X | . | . | RW/R | X | X | . | X | X | X | X | X | X | RW/W | X | X | X | X | X | . | X | X | X | RW/RW | X | X | . | X | X | . | X | X | . |

举个例子，当da1 = R, sm1 = W，
这时由于 da2 不能和 sm1 冲突，只能为W
sm2 不能和 da1 冲突，只能为 R 或 RW
也就是以GENERIC_READ / FILE_SHARE_WRITE 打开文件后，
如果再次打开文件就必须以 GENERIC_WRITE / FILE_SHARE_READ
或GENERIC_WRITE / FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE 方式打开，其他打开方式都会出错。

(注:MSDN中也有这样一张表，在
ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/MS.MSDN.v80/MS.WIN32COM.v10.en/fileio/fs/creating_and_opening_files.htm
中，不过表中右下角最后一个错了，这种情况时能打开成功的)

上面的测试代码如下：
static void TestAndOutput (ostream &out); void CreateFileTest () { ofstream out ("D://createFile.txt"); TestAndOutput (out); out.close (); } static const int MODE_SIZE = 3; static void OutputModeMsg (ostream &out, int i, int j) { static const char *msg1[MODE_SIZE] = {" R", " W", "RW"}; static const char *msg2[MODE_SIZE] = {"R ", "W ", "RW"}; out << msg1[i] << "/" << msg2[j]; } static void OutputHeadMsg (ostream &out) { out << " 1//2 |"; for (int i=0; i<MODE_SIZE; ++i) { for(int j=0; j<MODE_SIZE; ++j) { OutputModeMsg (out, i, j); out << "|"; } } out << endl; } /* Result : 1/2 | / | /R | /RW / | . | X | . */ static void TestAndOutput (ostream &out) { const DWORD desiredAccess[MODE_SIZE] = {GENERIC_READ, GENERIC_WRITE, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE}; const DWORD shareMode[MODE_SIZE] = {FILE_SHARE_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE}; const char *fileName = "D://tmp.txt"; OutputHeadMsg (out); for (int i=0; i<MODE_SIZE; ++i) { for(int j=0; j<MODE_SIZE; ++j) { OutputModeMsg (out, i, j); out << " |"; HANDLE hFileCreate = ::CreateFile (fileName, desiredAccess[i], shareMode[j], NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, NULL, NULL); if (hFileCreate == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) continue; for (int i2=0; i2<MODE_SIZE; ++i2) { for(int j2=0; j2<MODE_SIZE; ++j2) { HANDLE hFileOpen = ::CreateFile (fileName, desiredAccess[i2], shareMode[j2], NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL); if (hFileOpen == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { out << " X |"; } else { out << " . |"; CloseHandle (hFileOpen); } } } out << endl; CloseHandle (hFileCreate); DeleteFile (fileName); } } }