Servlet&JSP的那些事儿（八）

最新推荐文章于 2015-05-02 09:43:27 发布

_iAm333

最新推荐文章于 2015-05-02 09:43:27 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb 文章标签： jsp Jsp JSP servlet Servlet

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Servlet&JSP的那些事儿（七）中我们介绍了会话管理，但是没有给出一个具体的实例。俗话说，耳听为虚眼见为实。所以，本篇讲述一个会话管理的实例。首先，建立一个web工程，LoginTest。建立的过程和之前MyDemo相同。不再赘述~LoginTest完成的主要功能为：开始时，这个程序采用基于cookie的会话更总，当客户端禁用cookie之后，采用URL重写的机制来进行会话跟踪。

首先编写一个工具类OutputSessionInfo。它有一个静态方法，该方法以表格形式输出session相关信息，方便我们随时查看。具体代码如下：

package com.shan.util;

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.util.*;


public class OutputSessionInfo{
	public static void printSessionInfo (PrintWriter out, 
	HttpSession session) {
		out.println("<table>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>会话状态：</td>");
		if(session.isNew()) {
			out.println("<td>新的会话</td>");
		} else {
			out.println("<td>旧的会话</td>");
		}
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>会话ID：</td>");
		out.println("<td>"+session.getId()+"</td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>会话ID：</td>");
		out.println("<td>"+session.getId()+"</td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>创建时间：</td>");
		out.println("<td>"+new Date(session.getCreationTime())+"</td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>上次访问时间：</td>");
		out.println("<td>"+new Date(session.getLastAccessedTime())+"</td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>最大不活动时间间隔(s)：</td>");
		out.println("<td>"+session.getMaxInactiveInterval()+"</td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("</table>");
	}
}

然后，编写LoginServlet类。代码如下：

package com.shan.web;

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import com.shan.util.OutputSessionInfo;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");         
		PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
		
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		String user = (String)session.getAttribute("user");
		
		out.println("<html>");
		//告诉浏览器不要缓存这个页面
		out.println("<meta http-equiv=\"Pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">");
		out.println("<head><title>登录页面</title></head>");
		out.println("<body>");
		
		OutputSessionInfo.printSessionInfo(out,session);
		
		out.println("<form method=post action=loginchk.do>");
		out.println("<table>");
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>请输入用户名：</td>");
		
		if(user == null) {
			out.println("<td><input type=text name=user></td>");
		} else {
			out.println("<td><input type=text name=user value="+user+"></td>");
		}
		
		out.println("</tr>");
		
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td>请输入密码：</td>");
		out.println("<td><input type=password name=passwd></td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		out.println("<tr>");
		out.println("<td><input type=reset value=重填></td>");
		out.println("<td><input type=submit value=登录></td>");
		out.println("</tr>");
		out.println("</table>");
		out.println("</form>");
		out.println("</body>");
		out.println("</html>");
	}
		
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
		doGet(request,response);
	}
}

编写LoginchkServlet类，代码如下：

package com.shan.web;

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;


public class LoginchkServlet extends HttpServlet{
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException,ServletException {
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
		String username = request.getParameter("user");
		String passwd = request.getParameter("passwd");
		
		if(username == null || passwd == null || username.equals("") || passwd.equals("")) {
			response.sendRedirect("login.do");
		} else {
			HttpSession session = request.getSession();
			session.setAttribute("user",username);
			response.sendRedirect("welcome.do");
		}
	}
	
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException,ServletException {
		doGet(request,response);
	}
}

编写WeclomeServlet类，代码如下：

package com.shan.web;

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import com.shan.util.OutputSessionInfo;

public class WelcomeServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		String user = (String)session.getAttribute("user");
		
		if(user == null) {
			response.sendRedirect("/login.do");
		} else {
			String username=request.getParameter("username");
			String welcomeInfo="Hello, "+ username;
		
			out.println("<html><head><title>");
			out.println("欢迎页面");
			out.println("</title></head>");
			out.println("<body>");
			OutputSessionInfo.printSessionInfo(out,session);
			out.println("欢迎你，"+user);
			out.println("<a href=login.do>重新登录</a>");
			out.println("<a href=logout.do>注销登录</a>");
			out.println("</body></html>");
			out.close();
		}
	}
		
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
		doGet(request,response);
	}
}

编写LogoutServlet类，代码如下：

package com.shan.web;

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class LogoutServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");         
		PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
		
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		session.invalidate();
		out.println("<html><head><title>");
		out.println("退出登录");
		out.println("</title></head>");
		out.println("<body>");
		out.println("已退出登录");
		out.println("<a href=login.do>重新登录</a>");
		out.println("</body></html>");
		out.close();
	}
		
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException {
		doGet(request,response);
	}
}

最后，配置web.xml文件。如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  version="3.0"
  metadata-complete="true">
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.shan.web.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>LoginchkServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.shan.web.LoginchkServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>WelcomeServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.shan.web.WelcomeServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>LogoutServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.shan.web.LogoutServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/login.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>LoginchkServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/loginchk.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>WelcomeServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/welcome.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>LogoutServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/logout.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<session-config>
		<session-timeout>5</session-timeout>
	</session-config>
</web-app>

完成后，还需要编译java文件。Dos环境下切换到工程所在目录，执行如下语句：

javac -classpath D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\lib\servlet-api.jar;classes -d classes src\com\shan\util\OutputSessionInfo.java

javac -classpath D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\lib\servlet-api.jar;classes -d classes src\\com\shan\web\LoginServlet.java

javac -classpath D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\lib\servlet-api.jar;classes -d classes src\\com\shan\web\LoginchkServlet.java

javac -classpath D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\lib\servlet-api.jar;classes -d classes src\\com\shan\web\WelcomeServlet.java

javac -classpath D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\lib\servlet-api.jar;classes -d classes src\\com\shan\web\LogoutServlet.java

最后，将编译好的文件拷贝到D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\webapps\LoginTest\WEB-INF\classes文件夹下，并把web.xml拷贝到D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.33\webapps\LoginTest\WEB-INF文件夹下。在Dos环境中执行startup，启动tomcat。运行结果如图1所示。

图1 实例的运行结果

可以禁用cookie，在IE或者chrome的设置中选择禁用cookie。然后就可以看到基于cookie的会话跟踪机制就失效了。这时，可以采用Servlet&JSP的那些事儿（七）所述的办法来解决上述问题。在此就不再细述，有兴趣可以自己添加，看看效果。

转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/iAm333

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Servlet&JSP的那些事儿（八）

Servlet&JSP的那些事儿（七）中我们介绍了会话管理，但是没有给出一个具体的实例。俗话说，耳听为虚眼见为实。所以，本篇讲述一个会话管理的实例。首先，建立一个web工程，LoginTest。建立的过程和之前MyDemo相同。不再赘述~LoginTest完成的主要功能为：开始时，这个程序采用基于cookie的会话更总，当客户端禁用cookie之后，采用URL重写的机制来进行会话跟踪。首先编写
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