Oracle数据库维护常用的SQL代码示例

转：http://database.51cto.com/art/201108/284851.htm

Oracle数据库维护是作为一名数据库管理员必须要掌握的技能。数据库维护的操作有很多种，本文我们总结了18种常用的数据库维护操作的SQL代码示例，接下来就让我们一起来了解一下这部分内容吧。

1、求当前会话的SID，SERIAL#

 
 
SELECT Sid, Serial#  
FROM V$session  
WHERE Audsid = Sys_Context('USERENV', 'SESSIONID'); 

2、查询session的OS进程ID

 
 
SELECT p.Spid "OS Thread", b.NAME "Name-User", s.Program, s.Sid, s.Serial#,  
s.Osuser, s.Machine  
FROM V$process p, V$session s, V$bgprocess b  
WHERE p.Addr = s.Paddr  
AND p.Addr = b.Paddr  
And (s.sid=&1 or p.spid=&1)  
UNION ALL  
SELECT p.Spid "OS Thread", s.Username "Name-User", s.Program, s.Sid,  
s.Serial#, s.Osuser, s.Machine  
FROM V$process p, V$session s  
WHERE p.Addr = s.Paddr  
And (s.sid=&1 or p.spid=&1)  
AND s.Username IS NOT NULL; 

3、根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql

 
 
SELECT /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */  
Command_Type, Sql_Text, Sharable_Mem, Persistent_Mem, Runtime_Mem, Sorts,  
Version_Count, Loaded_Versions, Open_Versions, Users_Opening, Executions,  
Users_Executing, Loads, First_Load_Time, Invalidations, Parse_Calls,  
Disk_Reads, Buffer_Gets, Rows_Processed, SYSDATE Start_Time,  
SYSDATE Finish_Time, '>' || Address Sql_Address, 'N' Status  
FROM V$sqlarea  
WHERE Address = (SELECT Sql_Address  
FROM V$session  
WHERE Sid = &sid ); 

4、查找object为哪些进程所用

 
 
SELECT p.Spid, s.Sid, s.Serial# Serial_Num, s.Username User_Name,  
a.TYPE Object_Type, s.Osuser Os_User_Name, a.Owner,  
a.OBJECT Object_Name,  
Decode(Sign(48 - Command), 1, To_Char(Command), 'Action Code #' || To_Char(Command)) Action,  
p.Program Oracle_Process, s.Terminal Terminal, s.Program Program,  
s.Status Session_Status  
FROM V$session s, V$access a, V$process p  
WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr  
AND s.TYPE = 'USER' 
AND a.Sid = s.Sid  
AND a.OBJECT = '&obj' 
ORDER BY s.Username, s.Osuser 

5、查看有哪些用户连接

 
 
SELECT s.Osuser Os_User_Name,  
Decode(Sign(48 - Command),1,To_Char(Command),  
'Action Code #' || To_Char(Command)) Action,  
p.Program Oracle_Process, Status Session_Status, s.Terminal Terminal,  
s.Program Program, s.Username User_Name,  
s.Fixed_Table_Sequence Activity_Meter, '' Query, 0 Memory,  
0 Max_Memory, 0 Cpu_Usage, s.Sid, s.Serial# Serial_Num  
FROM V$session s, V$process p  
WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr  
AND s.TYPE = 'USER' 
ORDER BY s.Username, s.Osuser 

6、根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况

 
 
SELECT n.NAME, v.VALUE, n.CLASS, n.Statistic#  
FROM V$statname n, V$sesstat v  
WHERE v.Sid = &sid  
AND v.Statistic# = n.Statistic#  
ORDER BY n.CLASS, n.Statistic# 

7、查询耗资源的进程（top session）

 
 
SELECT s.Schemaname Schema_Name,  
Decode(Sign(48 - Command),  
1, To_Char(Command), 'Action Code #' || To_Char(Command)) Action,  
Status Session_Status, s.Osuser Os_User_Name, s.Sid, p.Spid,  
s.Serial# Serial_Num, Nvl(s.Username, '[Oracle process]') User_Name,  
s.Terminal Terminal, s.Program Program, St.VALUE Criteria_Value  
FROM V$sesstat St, V$session s, V$process p  
WHERE St.Sid = s.Sid  
AND St.Statistic# = To_Number('38')  
AND ('ALL' = 'ALL' OR s.Status = 'ALL')  
AND p.Addr = s.Paddr  
ORDER BY St.VALUE DESC, p.Spid ASC, s.Username ASC, s.Osuser ASC 

8、查看锁（lock）情况

 
 
SELECT /*+ RULE */  
Ls.Osuser Os_User_Name, Ls.Username User_Name,  
Decode(Ls.TYPE,  
'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock',  
'TX', 'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock') Lock_Type,  
o.Object_Name OBJECT,  
Decode(Ls.Lmode,  
1, NULL, 2, 'Row Share', 3, 'Row Exclusive',  
4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive',  
NULL) Lock_Mode,  
o.Owner, Ls.Sid, Ls.Serial# Serial_Num, Ls.Id1, Ls.Id2  
FROM Sys.Dba_Objects o,  
(SELECT s.Osuser, s.Username, l.TYPE, l.Lmode, s.Sid, s.Serial#, l.Id1,  
l.Id2  
FROM V$session s, V$lock l  
WHERE s.Sid = l.Sid) Ls  
WHERE o.Object_Id = Ls.Id1  
AND o.Owner <> 'SYS'  
ORDER BY o.Owner, o.Object_Name 

9、查看等待（wait）情况

 
 
SELECT Ws.CLASS, Ws.COUNT COUNT, SUM(Ss.VALUE) Sum_Value  
FROM V$waitstat Ws, V$sysstat Ss  
WHERE Ss.NAME IN ('db block gets', 'consistent gets')  
GROUP BY Ws.CLASS, Ws.COUNT 

10、求process/session的状态

 
 
SELECT p.Pid, p.Spid, s.Program, s.Sid, s.Serial#  
FROM V$process p, V$session s  
WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr; 

11、求谁阻塞了某个session(10g)

 
 
SELECT Sid, Username, Event, Blocking_Session, Seconds_In_Wait, Wait_Time  
FROM V$session  
WHERE State IN ('WAITING')  
AND Wait_Class != 'Idle'; 

12、查会话的阻塞

 
 
col user_name format a32  
SELECT /*+ rule */  
Lpad(' ', Decode(l.Xidusn, 0, 3, 0)) || l.Oracle_Username User_Name,  
o.Owner, o.Object_Name, s.Sid, s.Serial#  
FROM V$locked_Object l, Dba_Objects o, V$session s  
WHERE l.Object_Id = o.Object_Id  
AND l.Session_Id = s.Sid  
ORDER BY o.Object_Id, Xidusn DESC;  
col username format a15  
col lock_level format a8  
col owner format a18  
col object_name format a32  
SELECT /*+ rule */  
s.Username,  
Decode(l.TYPE, 'tm', 'table lock', 'tx', 'row lock', NULL) Lock_Level,  
o.Owner, o.Object_Name, s.Sid, s.Serial#  
FROM V$session s, V$lock l, Dba_Objects o  
WHERE l.Sid = s.Sid  
AND l.Id1 = o.Object_Id(+)  
AND s.Username IS NOT NULL; 

13、求等待的事件及会话信息/求会话的等待及会话信息

 
 
SELECT Se.Sid, s.Username, Se.Event, Se.Total_Waits, Se.Time_Waited,  
Se.Average_Wait  
FROM V$session s, V$session_Event Se  
WHERE s.Username IS NOT NULL  
AND Se.Sid = s.Sid  
AND s.Status = 'ACTIVE' 
AND Se.Event NOT LIKE '%SQL*Net%'  
ORDER BY s.Username;  
SELECT s.Sid, s.Username, Sw.Event, Sw.Wait_Time, Sw.State,  
Sw.Seconds_In_Wait  
FROM V$session s, V$session_Wait Sw  
WHERE s.Username IS NOT NULL  
AND Sw.Sid = s.Sid  
AND Sw.Event NOT LIKE '%SQL*Net%'  
ORDER BY s.Username; 

14、求会话等待的file_id/block_id

 
 
col event format a24  
col p1text format a12  
col p2text format a12  
col p3text format a12  
SELECT Sid, Event, P1text, P1, P2text, P2, P3text, P3  
FROM V$session_Wait  
WHERE Event NOT LIKE '%SQL%'  
AND Event NOT LIKE '%rdbms%'  
AND Event NOT LIKE '%mon%'  
ORDER BY Event;  
SELECT NAME, Wait_Time  
FROM V$latch l  
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1  
FROM (SELECT Sid, Event, P1text, P1, P2text, P2, P3text, P3  
FROM V$session_Wait  
WHERE Event NOT LIKE '%SQL%'  
AND Event NOT LIKE '%rdbms%'  
AND Event NOT LIKE '%mon%') x  
WHERE x.P1 = l.Latch#); 

15、求会话等待的对象

 
 
col owner format a18  
col segment_name format a32  
col segment_type format a32  
SELECT Owner, Segment_Name, Segment_Type  
FROM Dba_Extents  
WHERE File_Id = &File_Id  
AND &Block_Id BETWEEN Block_Id AND Block_Id + Blocks - 1; 

16、求出某个进程，并对它进行跟踪

 
 
SELECT s.Sid, s.Serial#  
FROM V$session s, V$process p  
WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr  
AND p.Spid = &1;  
Exec Dbms_System.Set_Sql_Trace_In_Session(&1, &2, TRUE);  
Exec Dbms_System.Set_Sql_Trace_In_Session(&1, &2, FALSE); 

17、求当前session的跟踪文件

 
 
SELECT P1.VALUE || '/' || P2.VALUE || '_ora_' || p.Spid || '.ora' Filename  
FROM V$process p, V$session s, V$parameter P1, V$parameter P2  
WHERE P1.NAME = 'user_dump_dest' 
AND P2.NAME = 'instance_name' 
AND p.Addr = s.Paddr  
AND s.Audsid = Userenv('SESSIONID')  
AND p.Background IS NULL  
AND Instr(p.Program, 'CJQ') = 0; 

18、求出锁定的对象

 
 
SELECT Do.Object_Name, Session_Id, Process, Locked_Mode  
FROM V$locked_Object Lo, Dba_Objects Do  
WHERE Lo.Object_Id = Do.Object_Id; 

关于Oracle数据库维护常用的SQL代码示例就介绍到这里了，希望本次的介绍能够对您有所收获！