1、基本操作
1)初始化仓库
git int
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ mkdir git-tutorial
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ cd git-tutorial/
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git init
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Initialized empty Git repository in c:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Hello_World/git-tutorial/.git/
2)查看仓库的状态
git status
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git status
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># On branch master
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># Initial commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>nothing to commit (create/copy files and use "git add" to track)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ touch README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git status
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># On branch master
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># Initial commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># Untracked files:
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
3)向暂存区中添加文件
git add
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git add README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git status
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># On branch master
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># Initial commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># Changes to be committed:
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># new file: README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#
4)保存仓库的历史记录
git commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git commit -m "First commit"
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>[master (root-commit) 3f9014e] First commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>create mode 100644 README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git status
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># On branch master
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>nothing to commit, working directory clean
5)查看提交日志
git log
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git log
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>commit 3f9014e2b31071d17f6d6d5ce144780a2e0dbf13
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Author: Wu Jian <Jamsonwoo@126.com>
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Date: Fri Feb 12 22:17:23 2016 +0800
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span> First commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># 只显示提交信息的第一行
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git log --pretty=short
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>commit 3f9014e2b31071d17f6d6d5ce144780a2e0dbf13
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Author: Wu Jian <Jamsonwoo@126.com>
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span> First commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># 只显示指定目录、文件的日志
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git log README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>commit 3f9014e2b31071d17f6d6d5ce144780a2e0dbf13
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Author: Wu Jian <Jamsonwoo@126.com>
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Date: Fri Feb 12 22:17:23 2016 +0800
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span> First commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span># 显示文件的改动
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git log -p
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git log -p README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>commit 3f9014e2b31071d17f6d6d5ce144780a2e0dbf13
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Author: Wu Jian <Jamsonwoo@126.com>
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Date: Fri Feb 12 22:17:23 2016 +0800
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span> First commit
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>new file mode 100644
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>index 0000000..e69de29
6)查看更改前后的差别
git diff
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git diff
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>index e69de29..f2eddc2 100644
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>--- a/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>+++ b/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>@@ -0,0 +1 @@
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>+# Git<BD>̳<CC>
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>\ No newline at end of file
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git add README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>$ git diff HEAD
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>index e69de29..f2eddc2 100644
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>--- a/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>+++ b/README.md
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>@@ -0,0 +1 @@
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>+# Git<BD>̳<CC>
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>\ No newline at end of file