基本概念的定义
Proposition : a statement that is either true or false.
Predicate : a proposition whose truth depends on the value of one or more variables.
Axiom : a proposition that is simply accepted as true.
Theorem : an important true proposition.
Lemma : a preliminary proposition useful for proving later propositions.
Corollary : a proposition that follows in just a few logical steps from a theorem.
Proof : a sequence of logical deductions from axioms and previously proved statements that concludes with the proposition in question.
Logical deductions/Inference rules : Used to prove new propositions using previously proved ones.
Modus ponens : One of inference rules, this rule says that a proof of P together with a proof that P IMPLIES Q is a proof of Q.
Implication : a sequence of logical deductions from axioms and previously proved statements that concludes with the proposition in question.
Reference
[1] Lehman E, Leighton F H, Meyer A R. Mathematics for Computer Science[J]. 2015.