Unit 1-Lecture 1：证明简介

基本概念的定义

Proposition : a statement that is either true or false.
Predicate : a proposition whose truth depends on the value of one or more variables.

Axiom : a proposition that is simply accepted as true.

Theorem : an important true proposition.
Lemma : a preliminary proposition useful for proving later propositions.
Corollary : a proposition that follows in just a few logical steps from a theorem.

Proof : a sequence of logical deductions from axioms and previously proved statements that concludes with the proposition in question.

Logical deductions/Inference rules : Used to prove new propositions using previously proved ones.

Modus ponens : One of inference rules, this rule says that a proof of P together with a proof that P IMPLIES Q is a proof of Q.

$$\frac{P, P_{IMPLIES}Q}{Q}$$
Implication : a sequence of logical deductions from axioms and previously proved statements that concludes with the proposition in question.

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Reference

[1] Lehman E, Leighton F H, Meyer A R. Mathematics for Computer Science[J]. 2015.