属性权限
系统中存在多种前缀的系统变量,每种变量设置时对应的用户权限也不一样,系统变量的类型如下:
/* White list of permissions for setting property services. */
struct {
const char *prefix;
unsigned int uid;
unsigned int gid;
} property_perms[] = {
{ "net.rmnet0.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.gprs.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.ppp", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.qmi", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.lte", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.cdma", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "ril.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "gsm.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "persist.radio", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.dns", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "sys.usb.config", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "dev.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "runtime.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "hw.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "sys.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "sys.powerctl", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "service.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "wlan.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "bluetooth.", AID_BLUETOOTH, 0 },
{ "dhcp.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "dhcp.", AID_DHCP, 0 },
{ "dhcp.offer", AID_NOBODY, 0 },
{ "debug.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "debug.", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "log.", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "service.adb.root", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "service.adb.tcp.port", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "persist.sys.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.service.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.security.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.service.bdroid.", AID_BLUETOOTH, 0 },
{ "selinux." , AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "mstar.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "http.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "mstar.media.", AID_MEDIA, 0 },
{ "mstar.dvfs.", AID_MEDIA, 0 },
{ NULL, 0, 0 }
};
可以注意到persist前缀系统变量的属性如下:
{ "persist.radio", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "persist.sys.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.service.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.security.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.service.bdroid.", AID_BLUETOOTH, 0 },
那么,我们在设置persist.sys类型的属性时,需要用户(也即app)需要有system权限。
通过ps我们可以查到一些应用的USDER ID为system,radio,AID_USER + app_id ,知道了这些我们如果碰到设置系统属性不成功,就应该想到升级应用用户属性来
提升用户操作权限,有了system权限才可以对/data目录下的文件进行操作,而所有的persist类型的属性都是在/data/property/目录下以文件形式存在。
设置system权限的方法很简单,就是在AndroidManifest.xml 中添加
android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system" ,这样普通的app就有system权限。
INSTALL_FAILED_SHARED_USER_INCOMPATIBLE异常
普通app在添加
android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system" ,使用eclipse编译后,安装就会出现“Installation error: INSTALL_FAILED_SHARED_USER_INCOMPATIBLE”异常,其实就是添加android.uid.system 权限之后导致,
解决方法:重新签名才能正常安装运行。
总结:当前出现串口使用setprop/getprop 设置获取android系统属性能成功,但是应用通过SystemProperties.get、SystemProperties.set 失败就都可能是应用的权限不够
导致,而在串口设置时一般都root权限比较大才会成功。