oracle物理dg安装：方法二

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-26 12:18:19 发布

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本文记录了物理dg的第二种安装方法，使用rman duplicate from active database，不需要做备份文件。

准备工作：

1.两台虚拟机，主机名：n1, n2，操作系统：centos6.7，建好信任关系
2.oracle database 11.2.0.4软件已装好
3.节点1（n1）数据库创建好，db_name=orcl，db_unique_name=dg1，归档模式（归档目录/oracle/arc/）
4.变量

 
  n1变量：
 export ORACLE_SID=dg1
 export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/db
 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/ora11g
 export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
 export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
 
 
 n2变量：
 export ORACLE_SID=dg2
 export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/db
 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/ora11g
 export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
 export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
 

5.tns文件内容（$ORACLE_BASE/network/admin），n1、n2都需要

 
  # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db/ora11g/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
 
 dg1 =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n1)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SERVICE_NAME = dg1)
     )
   )
 
 dg2 =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n2)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SERVICE_NAME = dg2)
     )
   )
 
 
 

6.静态listener（$ORACLE_BASE/network/admin/listener.ora），主备库最好都设置

 n1：
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db/ora11g/network/admin/listener.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
 
 
 SID_LIST_LISTENER =
   (SID_LIST =
     (SID_DESC =
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg1)
       (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/db/ora11g)
       (SID_NAME = dg1)
     )
   )
 
 
 LISTENER =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n1)(PORT = 1521))
   )
  
   
 
  

 n2：
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db/ora11g/network/admin/listener.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
 
 
 SID_LIST_LISTENER =
   (SID_LIST =
     (SID_DESC =
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg2)
       (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/db/ora11g)
       (SID_NAME = dg2)
     )
   )
 
 
 LISTENER =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n2)(PORT = 1521))
   )
  
   
 
  

1.主库创建pfile

 
  create pfile='/tmp/init.ora' from spfile;

2.将上一步生成的pfile及主库的密码文件 scp 到备库（注意备库上密码文件的名称）

 
  scp /tmp/init.ora oracle@n2:/tmp
 scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdg1 oracle@n2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdg2

3.备库创建spfile

 
  create spfile from pfile='/tmp/init.ora';
 

4.备库启动到nomount

 
  startup nomount

5.备库修改参数，并重启到nomount

 
  alter system set db_unique_name=dg2 scope=spfile;
 alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,dg2)' scope=spfile;
 alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oracle/arc/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2' scope=spfile;
 alter system set fal_server=dg1 scope=spfile;
 alter system set fal_client=dg2 scope=spfile;
 alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=spfile;
 alter system set service_names='dg2' scope=spfile;
 
 startup nomount force

6.备库执行rman（rman target sys/sys@dg1 auxiliary sys/sys@dg2）

 
  duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;
 

7.备库增加standby日志（主库也需要加，如果在duplicate之前主库已经添加了standby，这时备库可能需要删除再重建standby）

 
  alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo41.log','/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo42.log') size 50M;
 alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo51.log','/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo52.log') size 50M;
 alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo61.log','/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo62.log') size 50M;

8.dg创建完成，检查是否正常（检查方法参见 oracle物理dg安装：方法一）

注：
可能会出现的错误

1.备库启动到nomount

 
  --db_recovery_file_dest参数对应的目录（/oracle/db/fast_recovery_area，具体值查看/tmp/init.ora文件）没有创建会报以下错，需要手动创建
 
 SQL> startup nomount
 ORA-01261: Parameter db_recovery_file_dest destination string cannot be translated
 ORA-01262: Stat failed on a file destination directory
 Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
 SQL> host
 [oracle@n2 tmp]$ mkdir -p /oracle/db/fast_recovery_area
 [oracle@n2 tmp]$ exit
 exit

--audit_file_dest参数对应的目录（/oracle/db/admin/orcl/adump，具体值查看/tmp/init.ora文件）没有创建会报以下错，需要手动创建（创建后需要退出sqlplus重新登录）
 SQL> startup nomount
 ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
 Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
 Additional information: 9925
 SQL> host
 [oracle@n2 tmp]$ mkdir -p /oracle/db/admin/orcl/adump
 [oracle@n2 tmp]$ exit
 exit

 SQL> select status from v$instance;
 select status from v$instance
 *
 ERROR at line 1:
 ORA-01012: not logged on
 Process ID: 0
 Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

 SQL> startup nomount
 ORA-01012: not logged on
 SQL> exit
 Disconnected
 [oracle@n2 tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Apr 12 13:47:34 2016

 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 Connected to:
 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
 With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 SQL> select status from v$instance;

 STATUS
 ------------------------------------
 STARTED

 SQL> shutdown immediate
 ORA-01507: database not mounted

 ORACLE instance shut down.
 SQL> startup nomount
 ORACLE instance started.

 Total System Global Area  839282688 bytes
 Fixed Size                  2257880 bytes
 Variable Size             545262632 bytes
 Database Buffers          289406976 bytes
 Redo Buffers                2355200 bytes

2.备库执行rman（rman target sys/sys@dg1 auxiliary sys/sys@dg2）

 
  --控制文件，数据文件 所在目录要存在，否则备库duplicate会报错，手动创建好对应目录，重新执行duplicate继续进行
 contents of Memory Script:
 {
    backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format  '/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl';
    restore clone controlfile to  '/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' from 
  '/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl';
 }
 executing Memory Script
 
 
 Starting backup at 11-APR-16
 using channel ORA_DISK_1
 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
 copying standby control file
 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
 RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 04/11/2016 18:41:11
 RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
 RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
 RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 04/11/2016 18:41:11
 ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server
 
 
 

3.备库执行rman（rman target sys/sys@dg1 auxiliary sys/sys@dg2）

 
 --主库rman检查是不是有expired的归档日志等，有的话需要先crosscheck、delete掉（然后备库要退出rman重新登，再执行duplicate），否则备库dupliate会报错
 Starting backup at 11-APR-16
 using channel ORA_DISK_1
 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
 copying standby control file
 output file name=/oracle/db/ora11g/dbs/snapcf_dg1.f tag=TAG20160411T184405 RECID=11 STAMP=908909046
 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
 Finished backup at 11-APR-16


 Starting restore at 11-APR-16
 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1




 DBGSQL:     TARGET> begin :fhdbi := dbms_rcvcat.getDbid; end;
 DBGSQL:        sqlcode = 6550
 DBGSQL:         B :fhdbi = 32767
 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
 RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 04/11/2016 18:44:06
 RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
 RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
 ORA-06550: line 1, column 17:
 PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_RCVCAT.GETDBID' must be declared
 ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
 PL/SQL: Statement ignored
 
    
 
   

 

检查及删除过期expired日志的命令

 
  crosscheck archivelog all;
 list expired archivelog all;
 delete expired archivelog all;

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oracle物理dg安装：方法二

本文记录了物理dg的第二种安装方法，使用rman duplicate from active database，不需要做备份文件。准备工作：1.两台虚拟机，主机名：n1, n2，操作系统：centos6.7，建好信任关系2.oracle database 11.2.0.4软件已装好3.节点1（n1）数据库创建好，db_name=orcl，db_unique_name=dg1
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