方法一:Windows 性能计数器监控
命令行输入:perfmon 或者 perfmon /sys
选择实例:SQL Server :Locks \\ Number of DeadLocks/sec \\ _Total
(只能知道什么时候发生死锁,看不得具体死锁信息)
实时查看:
作业记录到文件:(可跟踪一段时间,耗系统性能很小)
方法二:打开profiler跟踪事件 locks: deadlock graph
(生成的死锁图可以拷贝出来XML格式的死锁信息)
或者导出上面为脚本在后台执行跟踪
-- 后台跟踪
declare @rc int
declare @traceid int --跟踪分配的编号
declare @options int --TRACE_FILE_ROLLOVER=2/SHUTDOWN_ON_ERROR=4/TRACE_PRODUCE_BLACKBOX=8
declare @tracefile nvarchar(500)--跟踪文件的存储路径
declare @maxfilesize bigint --跟踪文件的大小,单位是mb,默认5mb
declare @endtime datetime --停止跟踪的日期和时间,为NULL则表示一直跟踪
declare @filecount int --跟踪文件的数量,其值大于1,TRACE_FILE_ROLLOVER=2 时有效
set @options = 2
set @tracefile = N'E:\BlockedTraceName'
set @maxfilesize = 20
set @endtime = NULL
set @filecount = 5
-- exec @rc = sp_trace_create @TraceID output, 0, N'InsertFileNameHere', @maxfilesize, NULL
exec @rc = sp_trace_Create @TraceID output,@options,@tracefile,@maxfilesize,@endtime,@filecount
if (@rc != 0) goto error
-- Set the events
declare @on bit
set @on = 1
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 1, @on
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 12, @on
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 14, @on
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 26, @on
-- Set the Filters
declare @intfilter int
declare @bigintfilter bigint
-- Set the trace status to start
exec sp_trace_setstatus @TraceID, 1
-- display trace id for future references
select TraceID=@TraceID
goto finish
error:
select ErrorCode=@rc
finish:
go
--查看跟踪记录
select ServerName,EventClass,StartTime,TextData,CONVERT(XML,TextData) XMLTextData
from ::fn_trace_gettable('E:\BlockedTraceName.trc',default)
方法三:打开1222或者1204标志记录死锁,在sqlserver日志查看
DBCC TRACEON(1222,-1)
DBCC TRACEON(1204,-1)
如果日志太多就不好找了,这时可以用系统扩展存储过程筛选!
--查看是否死锁,确定死锁的的时间
exec xp_readerrorlog 0,1,'deadlock victim',NULL,'2015-01-01','2015-01-10','ASC'
--按时间查看sqlserver日志,即为死锁信息
exec xp_readerrorlog 0,1,NULL,NULL,'2015-01-07 22:13:10','2015-01-07 22:13:11','ASC'
方法四:扩展事件
IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.server_event_sessions WHERE name = 'deadlock')
DROP EVENT SESSION [deadlock] ON SERVER
GO
-- 跟踪的事件:database_xml_deadlock_report,xml_deadlock_report (跟踪一个即可,这里跟踪俩个)
-- 选择跟踪列:client_hostname,database_name,nt_username,plan_handle,sql_text
CREATE EVENT SESSION [deadlock]
ON SERVER
ADD EVENT sqlserver.database_xml_deadlock_report(
ACTION(sqlserver.client_hostname,sqlserver.database_name,sqlserver.nt_username,sqlserver.plan_handle,sqlserver.sql_text)),
ADD EVENT sqlserver.xml_deadlock_report(
ACTION(sqlserver.client_hostname,sqlserver.database_name,sqlserver.nt_username,sqlserver.plan_handle,sqlserver.sql_text))
ADD TARGET package0.event_file(
SET filename=N'D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\deadlock', --存储路径及文件名前缀
max_file_size=(10), --最大文件大小,单位MB
max_rollover_files=(4)) --启用文件滚动存储的最大文件数
GO
ALTER EVENT SESSION [deadlock] ON SERVER STATE=START
GO
--查询跟踪
SELECT object_name as event,convert(xml, event_data) as xml_data
FROM master.sys.fn_xe_file_target_read_file('D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\deadlock*', NULL, NULL, NULL)
方法五:系统扩展事件会话system_health自动记录
--扩展事件会话的信息
select * from sys.dm_xe_sessions where name = 'system_health'
SELECT
xed.value('@timestamp','datetime')as Creation_Date,
xed.query('.')AS Extend_Event
FROM
(
SELECT CAST([target_data] AS XML)AS Target_Data
FROM sys.dm_xe_session_targets AS xt
INNER JOIN sys.dm_xe_sessions AS xs
ON xs.address= xt.event_session_address
WHERE xs.name=N'system_health'
AND xt.target_name=N'ring_buffer'
) AS XML_Data
CROSS APPLY Target_Data.nodes('RingBufferTarget/event[@name="xml_deadlock_report"]')AS XEventData(xed)
ORDER BY Creation_Date DESC
方法六:Service Broker Event Notifications
USE msdb;
-- 队列用来保存数据
-- DROP QUEUE DeadlockQueue
CREATE QUEUE DeadlockQueue WITH STATUS=ON
GO
-- 将消息传递到数据库中的正确队列
-- DROP SERVICE DeadlockService
CREATE SERVICE DeadlockService
ON QUEUE DeadlockQueue([http://schemas.microsoft.com/SQL/Notifications/PostEventNotification])
GO
-- 创建可向服务发送有关数据库或服务器事件的信息的对象
-- DROP EVENT NOTIFICATION CaptureDeadlocks ON SERVER
CREATE EVENT NOTIFICATION CaptureDeadlocks
ON SERVER
WITH FAN_IN
FOR DEADLOCK_GRAPH
TO SERVICE 'DeadlockService','current database' ;
GO
--[此时发生死锁]
-- 查询XML格式的死锁信息
SELECT CAST(message_body AS XML) AS message_body FROM DeadlockQueue
SqlServer 并发事务:死锁跟踪(二)确定死锁锁定的资源