Jsp/Struts国际化处理

Introduction:
For: Make web app internationalization.
Skill: Jsp Tag Library.
注: 本文讲解的是struts内部的国际化详细解析，从底层的tag搭建

1. Create Tag
src\com\taglibs\messageTag.java

package com.taglibs;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagSupport;

public class messageTag extends TagSupport
{
	private String key="";
	private ResourceBundle bundle;// default.properties
	private Locale locale=Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE;
	private String name="";
	private String property="";
	private String scope="";
	private String arg0="";
	private String arg1="";
	private String arg2="";
	private String arg3="";
	private String arg4="";
	private String arg5="";
	private static String ProfileName = "language";
	
	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException
	{
		super.doStartTag();
		try{
			JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
			//Locale locale = new Locale("zh", "CN"); 
			if(bundle==null)
				bundle  = ResourceBundle.getBundle(ProfileName, locale); 
			String format = bundle.getString(key);
			String value = String.format(format, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5 );
			if(value==null)
				out.print(key);
			else
				out.print(value);
		}catch(IOException e){
			throw new JspTagException(e.getMessage());
		}
		return SKIP_BODY;
	}

	public static String getProfileName()
	{
		return ProfileName;
	}

	public static void setProfileName(String profileName)
	{
		ProfileName = profileName;
	}

	public void setBundle(ResourceBundle bundle)
	{
		this.bundle = bundle;
	}

	public ResourceBundle getBundle()
	{
		return bundle;
	}

	public void setBundle(String language)
	{
		this.locale = new Locale(language);
		this.bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(ProfileName, locale); 
		/*
		 *  ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(PROPERTIES_FILE_NAME, Locale.ENGLISH);
			这行代码初始化了一个ResourceBundle，Locale.ENGLISH用于指明本地化情况，
			因此会从"property_en.properties"中去读取配置项。如果是Locale.CHINA，
			则会从property_zh.properties中读取。这种机制使得程序的本地化变得简单。
		 */
	}

	public Locale getLocale()
	{
		return locale;
	}

	public void setLocale(Locale locale)
	{
		this.locale = locale;
	}

	public String getKey()
	{
		return key;
	}

	public void setKey(String key)
	{
		this.key = key;
	}


	public String getName()
	{
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name)
	{
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getProperty()
	{
		return property;
	}

	public void setProperty(String property)
	{
		this.property = property;
	}

	public String getScope()
	{
		return scope;
	}

	public void setScope(String scope)
	{
		this.scope = scope;
	}

	public String getArg0()
	{
		return arg0;
	}

	public void setArg0(String arg0)
	{
		this.arg0 = arg0;
	}

	public String getArg1()
	{
		return arg1;
	}

	public void setArg1(String arg1)
	{
		this.arg1 = arg1;
	}

	public String getArg2()
	{
		return arg2;
	}

	public void setArg2(String arg2)
	{
		this.arg2 = arg2;
	}

	public String getArg3()
	{
		return arg3;
	}

	public void setArg3(String arg3)
	{
		this.arg3 = arg3;
	}

	public String getArg4()
	{
		return arg4;
	}

	public void setArg4(String arg4)
	{
		this.arg4 = arg4;
	}

	public String getArg5()
	{
		return arg5;
	}

	public void setArg5(String arg5)
	{
		this.arg5 = arg5;
	}
	
	public static String readValue(String filePath,String key) {
		Properties props = new Properties();
		File f = new File(filePath);
		if(!f.exists()){
			System.out.println("file not exist!");
			return null;
		}
		try {
			InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream (new FileInputStream(filePath));
			props.load(in);
			String value = props.getProperty (key);
			System.out.println(key+"="+value);
			return value;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}

	//读取properties的全部信息
	public static void readProperties(String filePath) {
		Properties props = new Properties();
		try {
			InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream (new FileInputStream(filePath));
			props.load(in);
			Enumeration en = props.propertyNames();
			while (en.hasMoreElements()) {
				String key = (String) en.nextElement();
				String Property = props.getProperty (key);
				System.out.println(key+Property);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	//写入properties信息
	public static void writeProperties(String filePath,String parameterName,String parameterValue) {
		Properties prop = new Properties();
		try {
			InputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath);
			prop.load(fis);
			OutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
			prop.setProperty(parameterName, parameterValue);
			prop.store(fos, "Update '" + parameterName + "' value");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.err.println("Visit "+filePath+" for updating "+parameterName+" value error");
		}
	}

}

2. Config tld file 
WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<taglib>
	<tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
	<jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version>
	<shot-name>messageTag</shot-name>
	<description>my struts lib!</description>
	<tag>
		<description></description>
		<name>message</name>
		<tag-class>com.taglibs.messageTab</tag-class>
		<bodycontent>empty</bodycontent>
		<attribute>
			<name>arg0</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>arg1</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>arg2</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>arg3</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>arg4</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>bundle</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>key</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>locale</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>name</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>property</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
		<attribute>
			<name>scope</name>
			<required>false</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
	</tag>
</taglib>

3. 定义资源文件
在/WEB-INF/classes下面添加UTF-8资源束文件。每一个资源文件是“键－值”对的集合。在JSP页面里面可以通过键来找到相应的数据值。本例子的文件名是ApplicationResources，所以相应的资源文件束是(包括e文，简体中文，繁体中文)
language.properties : 默认资源文件。当在其他资源文件里面找不到某个资源的时候，就使用该资源文件里面的定义。
language_zh_CN.properties：简体中文资源文件。
language_zh_TW.properties：繁体中文资源文件。
资源文件的格式为：默认资源文件名_语言_国别.properties。其中每个文件都是通过%JAVA_HONE%/BIN/native2ascii.exe工具转换而来。


1) 准备文件
//ApplicationResources.properties ；默认资源文件，通常里面的内容是英文的。
label.username=USERNAME :
label.password=PASSWORD :
label.login.submit=Submit


//ApplicationResources_zh_CN.bak ；简体中文的资源文件。里面的内容是中文的。它需要工具将其中的内容处理成UTF-8
label.username=用户名 :
label.password=密  码 :
label.login.submit=登录


//ApplicationResources_zh_TW.bak : 繁体中文的资源文件。里面的内容是中文的。它需要工具将其中的内容处理成UTF-8,下面的内容是繁体码。
label.username=ノめ?W :
label.password=ノめ?W :
label.login.submit=めノ?W 

2)准备完成以后，使用如下的命令创建UTF-8资源文件束
native2ascii -encoding gb2312 ApplicationResources_zh_CN.bak ApplicationResources_zh_CN.properties
native2ascii -encoding big5 Applica tionResources_zh_TW.bak ApplicationResources_zh_TW.properties

3. Test the taglib
index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean"%>
<body>
	<form name=myform action="test.do" >
		<bean:message key="label.username" bundle="en"/><input type="text" id="userName"> <br>
		<bean:message key="label.password" bundle="en"/><input type="text" id="passWord"> <br>
		<button οnclick="myform.submit();"><bean:message key="label.login.submi" bundle="en"/></button>
	</form>
<body>

4. Config for Web App1)定义web.xml的动ActionServlet的参数

<servlet>
  <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>    
  <init-param>
    <param-name>config</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>application</param-name>
    <param-value>language</param-value> <!-- 默认资源文件名 -->
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

可以在IE的工具->Internet选项->语言的地方，来选择，定义IE的语言。

5. 表单的数据的处理。
对于表单数据的处理，我们是通过添加一个Filter来实现的。所有提交的请求，都需要做字符处理。然后在web.xml里面定义该Filter。这样我们就不需要在程序里面做任何的字符处理。
1) 定义Filter。下面是一个例子。

package com.webapps.commons;
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
public class CharsetEncodingFilter implements Filter{
  private FilterConfig config = null;
  private String defaultEncode = "UTF-8";
  public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
    this.config = config;
    if(config.getInitParameter("Charset")!=null){
        defaultEncode=config.getInitParameter("Charset");
    }
  }
  public void destroy() {
    this.config = null;
  }
  public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
                       FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
    ServletRequest srequest=request;
    srequest.setCharacterEncoding(defaultEncode);
    chain.doFilter(srequest,response);
  }
}

2) 在web.xml里面声明使用该Filter

<filter>
  <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name>
  <filter-class>com.webapps.commons.CharsetEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>