原题链接:http://poj.org/problem?id=1947
题意:给出n,p,一共有n个节点,要求最少减去最少的边是多少,剩下p个节点
思路:典型的树形DP,
dp[s][i]:记录s结点,要得到一棵j个节点的子树去掉的最少边数
考虑其儿子k
1)如果不去掉k子树,则
dp[s][i] = min(dp[s][j]+dp[k][i-j]) 0 <= j <= i
2)如果去掉k子树,则
dp[s][i] = dp[s][i]+1
总的为
dp[s][i] = min (min(dp[s][j]+dp[k][i-j]) , dp[s][i]+1 )
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<string>
#include<stdio.h>
#define INF 99999999
#define eps 0.0001
using namespace std;
int n, p;
int father[155];
int dp[155][155];//dp[i][j]表示以i为树根分割成k子树的最小数目
vector<int> V[155];
void tree_dp(int fat)
{
for (int i = 0; i < V[fat].size(); i++)
{
int son = V[fat][i];
tree_dp(son);
for (int j = p; j > 1; j--)//对于root来说
for (int k = 1; k < j; k++)
dp[fat][j] = min(dp[fat][j], dp[fat][j - k] + dp[son][k] - 2);//对于fat,已经把儿子son的连线加上;对于儿子son也把父亲fat连线加进去,所以是减2,不是减1
}
}
int main()
{
while (~scanf("%d%d", &n, &p))
{
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
father[i] = 0;
V[i].clear();
}
int u, v;
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
{
scanf("%d%d", &u, &v);
father[v] = u;
V[u].push_back(v);
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
dp[i][1] = V[i].size() + 1;
for (int j = 2; j <= p; j++)
dp[i][j] = INF;
}
int root = 1;
while (father[root])
root = father[root];
tree_dp(root);
dp[root][p]--;
int ans = INF;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
ans = min(ans, dp[i][p]);
printf("%d\n", ans);
}
return 0;
}