JAVA全集-04-高级类特征1

执行顺序由上至下

package banking5;

public class Account {

	protected double balance;

	public Account(double balance) {
		this.balance = balance;
	}

	public double getBalance() {
		return balance;
	}

	// 存钱

	public boolean deposit(double amt) {

		balance += amt;
		return true;
	}

	// 取钱

	public boolean withdraw(double amt) {
		if (balance >= amt) {

			balance -= amt;
			return true;
		} else {
			System.out.println("余额不足");
		}
		return false;
	}

}

package banking5;

public class Bank {
	private Customer[] customers; // 用于存放客户
	private int numberOfCustomers;// 记录客户的个数

	public Bank() {
		customers = new Customer[5];

	}

	// 添加一个Customer到数组中
	public void addCustomer(String f, String l) {
		customers[numberOfCustomers] = new Customer(f, l);
		numberOfCustomers++;
	}

	// 获取Customer的个数
	public int getNumOfCustomers() {
		return numberOfCustomers;
	}

	// 返回指定索引位置的Customer
	public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
		return customers[index];
	}
}

package banking5;

public class Customer {

	private String firstName;
	private String lastName;
	private Account account;

	public Customer(String firstName, String lastName) {
		this.firstName = firstName;
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}

	public Account getAccount() {
		return account;
	}

	public void setAccount(Account account) {
		this.account = account;
	}

	public String getFirstName() {
		return firstName;
	}

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

}

package banking5;

// 信用卡账户
public class CheckingAccount extends Account {

	private double overdraftProtection; // 透支额度

	public CheckingAccount(double balance) {
		super(balance);
	}

	public CheckingAccount(double balance, double protect) {
		super(balance);
		this.overdraftProtection = protect;
	}

	public double getOverdraftProtection() {
		return overdraftProtection;
	}

	public void setOverdraftProtection(double overdraftProtection) {
		this.overdraftProtection = overdraftProtection;
	}

	public boolean withdraw(double amt) {
		if (balance >= amt) {
			balance -= amt;
			// return true;
		} else if (overdraftProtection >= amt - balance) {
			overdraftProtection -= (amt - balance);
			balance = 0;
			// return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}

}

package banking5;

public class SavingAccount extends Account {

	// 储蓄账户
	private double interestRate; // 利率

	public SavingAccount(double balance, double init_rate) {
		super(balance);
		this.interestRate = init_rate;
	}

	public double getInterestRate() {
		return interestRate;
	}

	public void setInterestRate(double interestRate) {
		this.interestRate = interestRate;
	}

}

package testbanking;

/*
 * This class creates the program to test the banking classes.
 * It creates a new Bank, sets the Customer (with an initial balance),
 * and performs a series of transactions with the Account object.
 */

import banking5.Account;
import banking5.Bank;
import banking5.CheckingAccount;
import banking5.Customer;
import banking5.SavingAccount;

public class TestBanking5 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Bank bank = new Bank();
		Customer customer;
		Account account;

		//
		// Create bank customers and their accounts
		//

		System.out.println("Creating the customer Jane Smith.");
		bank.addCustomer("Jane", "Simms");
		// code
		account = new SavingAccount(500, 0.03);
		customer = bank.getCustomer(0);
		customer.setAccount(account);
		System.out
				.println("Creating her Savings Account with a 500.00 balance and 3% interest.");
		// code
		bank.addCustomer("Owen", "Bryant");
		System.out.println("Creating the customer Owen Bryant.");
		// code
		customer = bank.getCustomer(1);
		account = new CheckingAccount(500.00);
		customer.setAccount(account);
		System.out
				.println("Creating his Checking Account with a 500.00 balance and no overdraft protection.");
		// code
		System.out.println("Creating the customer Tim Soley.");
		bank.addCustomer("Tim", "Soley");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(2);
		account = new CheckingAccount(500.00, 500.00);
		customer.setAccount(account);
		System.out
				.println("Creating his Checking Account with a 500.00 balance and 500.00 in overdraft protection.");
		// code
		System.out.println("Creating the customer Maria Soley.");
		// code
		bank.addCustomer("Maria", "Soley");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(3);
		// customer.setAccount(account);
		System.out
				.println("Maria shares her Checking Account with her husband Tim.");
		customer.setAccount(bank.getCustomer(2).getAccount());

		System.out.println();

		//
		// Demonstrate behavior of various account types
		//

		// Test a standard Savings Account
		System.out
				.println("Retrieving the customer Jane Smith with her savings account.");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(0);
		account = customer.getAccount();
		// Perform some account transactions
		System.out.println("Withdraw 150.00: " + account.withdraw(150.00));
		System.out.println("Deposit 22.50: " + account.deposit(22.50));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 47.62: " + account.withdraw(47.62));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 400.00: " + account.withdraw(400.00));
		// Print out the final account balance
		System.out.println("Customer [" + customer.getLastName() + ", "
				+ customer.getFirstName() + "] has a balance of "
				+ account.getBalance());

		System.out.println();

		// Test a Checking Account w/o overdraft protection
		System.out
				.println("Retrieving the customer Owen Bryant with his checking account with no overdraft protection.");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(1);
		account = customer.getAccount();
		// Perform some account transactions
		System.out.println("Withdraw 150.00: " + account.withdraw(150.00));
		System.out.println("Deposit 22.50: " + account.deposit(22.50));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 47.62: " + account.withdraw(47.62));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 400.00: " + account.withdraw(400.00));
		// Print out the final account balance
		System.out.println("Customer [" + customer.getLastName() + ", "
				+ customer.getFirstName() + "] has a balance of "
				+ account.getBalance());

		System.out.println();

		// Test a Checking Account with overdraft protection
		System.out
				.println("Retrieving the customer Tim Soley with his checking account that has overdraft protection.");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(2);
		account = customer.getAccount();
		// Perform some account transactions
		System.out.println("Withdraw 150.00: " + account.withdraw(150.00));
		System.out.println("Deposit 22.50: " + account.deposit(22.50));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 47.62: " + account.withdraw(47.62));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 400.00: " + account.withdraw(400.00));
		// Print out the final account balance
		System.out.println("Customer [" + customer.getLastName() + ", "
				+ customer.getFirstName() + "] has a balance of "
				+ account.getBalance());

		System.out.println();

		// Test a Checking Account with overdraft protection
		System.out
				.println("Retrieving the customer Maria Soley with her joint checking account with husband Tim.");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(3);
		account = customer.getAccount();
		// Perform some account transactions
		System.out.println("Deposit 150.00: " + account.deposit(150.00));
		System.out.println("Withdraw 750.00: " + account.withdraw(750.00));
		// Print out the final account balance
		System.out.println("Customer [" + customer.getLastName() + ", "
				+ customer.getFirstName() + "] has a balance of "
				+ account.getBalance());

	}
}

instanceof 练习

package banking5_1;

public class Customer {

	private String firstName;
	private String lastName;
	// private Account account;
	private Account accounts[];
	private int numberOfAccounts;// 记录Account 的个数

	public Customer(String firstName, String lastName) {
		this.firstName = firstName;
		this.lastName = lastName;
		accounts = new Account[5];
	}

	public String getFirstName() {
		return firstName;
	}

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

	// 添加一个账户到Account[]中
	public void addAccount(Account acct) {
		accounts[numberOfAccounts] = acct;
		numberOfAccounts++;
	}

	// 返回账户的个数
	public int getNumOfAccounts() {
		return numberOfAccounts;
	}

	// 返回指定索引处的账户
	public Account getAccount(int index) {
		return accounts[index];
	}
}

package testbanking;

/*
 * This class creates the program to test the banking classes.
 * It creates a set of customers, with a few accounts each,
 * and generates a report of current account balances.
 */

import java.text.NumberFormat;

import banking5_1.Account;
import banking5_1.Bank;
import banking5_1.CheckingAccount;
import banking5_1.Customer;
import banking5_1.SavingAccount;

public class TestBanking5_1 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		NumberFormat currency_format = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance();
		Bank bank = new Bank();
		Customer customer;

		// Create several customers and their accounts
		bank.addCustomer("Jane", "Simms");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(0);
		customer.addAccount(new SavingAccount(500.00, 0.05));
		customer.addAccount(new CheckingAccount(200.00, 400.00));

		bank.addCustomer("Owen", "Bryant");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(1);
		customer.addAccount(new CheckingAccount(200.00));

		bank.addCustomer("Tim", "Soley");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(2);
		customer.addAccount(new SavingAccount(1500.00, 0.05));
		customer.addAccount(new CheckingAccount(200.00));

		bank.addCustomer("Maria", "Soley");
		customer = bank.getCustomer(3);
		// Maria and Tim have a shared checking account
		customer.addAccount(bank.getCustomer(2).getAccount(1));
		customer.addAccount(new SavingAccount(150.00, 0.05));

		// Generate a report
		System.out.println("\t\t\tCUSTOMERS REPORT");
		System.out.println("\t\t\t================");

		for (int cust_idx = 0; cust_idx < bank.getNumOfCustomers(); cust_idx++) {
			customer = bank.getCustomer(cust_idx);

			System.out.println();
			System.out.println("Customer: " + customer.getLastName() + ", "
					+ customer.getFirstName());

			for (int acct_idx = 0; acct_idx < customer.getNumOfAccounts(); acct_idx++) {
				Account account = customer.getAccount(acct_idx);
				String account_type = "";

				// Determine the account type
				/***
				 * Step 1: Use the instanceof operator to test what type of
				 * account we have and set account_type to an appropriate value,
				 * such as "Savings Account" or "Checking Account".
				 ***/
				if (account instanceof SavingAccount) {
					account_type = "SavingAccount";
				}
				if (account instanceof CheckingAccount) {
					account_type = "CheckingAccount";
				}

				// Print the current balance of the account
				/***
				 * Step 2: Print out the type of account and the balance. Feel
				 * free to use the currency_format formatter to generate a
				 * "currency string" for the balance.
				 ***/
				System.out.println(account_type + "current balance is "
						+ currency_format.format(account.getBalance()));
			}
		}
	}
}

复习：