FFmpeg内存操作（三）内存转码器

    相关博客列表 ：

    FFMPEG内存操作（一） avio_reading.c 回调读取数据到内存解析 

    FFMPEG内存操作（二）从内存中读取数及数据格式的转换 

    FFmpeg内存操作（三）内存转码器

    本文代码来自于自雷霄骅的《最简单的基于FFmpeg的内存读写的例子：内存转码器》 

/**
 * This software convert video bitstream (Such as MPEG2) to H.264
 * bitstream. It read video bitstream from memory (not from a file),
 * convert it to H.264 bitstream, and finally output to another memory.
 * It's the simplest example to use FFmpeg to read (or write) from 
 * memory.
 *
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS

#include "avcodec.h"
#include "avformat.h"
#include "avutil.h"
#include "opt.h"
#include "pixdesc.h"
#include "mathematics.h"

FILE *fp_open;
FILE *fp_write;

//Read File
int read_buffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size){
	int true_size;

	if(!feof(fp_open)){
		true_size=fread(buf,1,buf_size,fp_open);
		printf("read_buffer buf_size = %d\n",buf_size);
		return true_size;
	}else{
		return -1;
	}
}

//Write File
int write_buffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size){
	int true_size;

	if(!feof(fp_write)){
		true_size=fwrite(buf,1,buf_size,fp_write);
		printf("write_buffer buf_size = %d\n",buf_size);
		return true_size;
	}else{
		return -1;
	}
}


int flush_encoder(AVFormatContext *fmt_ctx,unsigned int stream_index)
{
    int ret;
    int got_frame;
	AVPacket enc_pkt;
    if (!(fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->codec->capabilities &
                CODEC_CAP_DELAY))
        return 0;
    while (1) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "Flushing stream #%u encoder\n", stream_index);
        //ret = encode_write_frame(NULL, stream_index, &got_frame);
        enc_pkt.data = NULL;
		enc_pkt.size = 0;
		av_init_packet(&enc_pkt);
		ret = avcodec_encode_video2 (fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec, &enc_pkt,
				NULL, &got_frame);
		av_frame_free(NULL);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;
		if (!got_frame)
		{ret=0;break;}
		/* prepare packet for muxing */
		enc_pkt.stream_index = stream_index;
		enc_pkt.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(enc_pkt.dts,
				fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
				fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
				//(AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
				(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
		enc_pkt.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(enc_pkt.pts,
				fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
				fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
				(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
				//(AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
		enc_pkt.duration = av_rescale_q(enc_pkt.duration,
				fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
				fmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base);
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Muxing frame\n");
		/* mux encoded frame */
		ret = av_write_frame(fmt_ctx, &enc_pkt);
		if (ret < 0)
            break;
    }
    return ret;
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int ret;
	AVFormatContext* ifmt_ctx=NULL;
	AVFormatContext* ofmt_ctx=NULL;
    AVIOContext *avio_in=NULL;
	AVIOContext *avio_out=NULL;
    unsigned char* inbuffer=NULL;
	unsigned char* outbuffer=NULL;
    AVFrame *frame = NULL;
	AVPacket packet;
    AVPacket enc_pkt;

	AVStream *out_stream;
	AVStream *in_stream;
    AVCodecContext *dec_ctx; 
    AVCodecContext *enc_ctx;
    AVCodec *encoder;

    AVStream *stream;
    AVCodecContext *codec_ctx;
    
	enum AVMediaType type;
	unsigned int stream_index;
	unsigned int i=0;
	int got_frame;
    int enc_got_frame;


	fp_open = fopen("cuc60anniversary_start.ts", "rb");	//视频源文件 
	fp_write=fopen("cuc60anniversary_start.h264","wb+"); //输出文件

	av_register_all();
	ifmt_ctx=avformat_alloc_context();                                 /* Allocate an AVFormatContext. */
	avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "h264", NULL);     /*  Allocate an AVFormatContext for an output format. */


	inbuffer=(unsigned char*)av_malloc(32768);
	outbuffer=(unsigned char*)av_malloc(32768);

	/*open input file*/
	avio_in =avio_alloc_context(inbuffer, 32768,0,NULL,read_buffer,NULL,NULL);  
	if(avio_in==NULL)
		goto end;
	/*open output file*/
	avio_out =avio_alloc_context(outbuffer, 32768,1,NULL,NULL,write_buffer,NULL);  
	if(avio_out==NULL)
		goto end;
	
	ifmt_ctx->pb=avio_in;                                           /* I/O context.    input output context */
	ifmt_ctx->flags=AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;                           /* The caller has supplied a custom AVIOContext, don't avio_close() it */
	if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, "whatever", NULL, NULL)) < 0) {
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open input file\n");
		return ret;
	}
	if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, NULL)) < 0) {     /*  Read packets of a media file to get stream information */
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot find stream information\n");
		return ret;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
		stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
		codec_ctx = stream->codec;
		/* Reencode video & audio and remux subtitles etc. 重新编码视频和音频和翻译字幕等  */
		if (codec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
			/* Open decoder */
            /* Initialize the AVCodecContext to use the given AVCodec */
			ret = avcodec_open2(codec_ctx,	avcodec_find_decoder(codec_ctx->codec_id), NULL);
			if (ret < 0) {
				av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to open decoder for stream #%u\n", i);
				return ret;
			}
		}
	}
	//av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx, 0, "whatever", 0);


	//avio_out->write_packet=write_packet;
	ofmt_ctx->pb=avio_out; 
	ofmt_ctx->flags=AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;
	for (i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
		out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, NULL);    /*  Add a new stream to a media file. */
		if (!out_stream) {
			av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed allocating output stream\n");
			return AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
		}
		in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
		dec_ctx = in_stream->codec;
		enc_ctx = out_stream->codec;
		if (dec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
		{
			encoder = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
			enc_ctx->height = dec_ctx->height;
			enc_ctx->width = dec_ctx->width;
			enc_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio = dec_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio;
			enc_ctx->pix_fmt = encoder->pix_fmts[0];
			enc_ctx->time_base = dec_ctx->time_base;
			//enc_ctx->time_base.num = 1;
			//enc_ctx->time_base.den = 25;
			//H264的必备选项，没有就会错
			enc_ctx->me_range=16;
			enc_ctx->max_qdiff = 4;
			enc_ctx->qmin = 10;
			enc_ctx->qmax = 51;
			enc_ctx->qcompress = 0.6; 
			enc_ctx->refs=3;
			enc_ctx->bit_rate = 500000;

			ret = avcodec_open2(enc_ctx, encoder, NULL);
			if (ret < 0) {
				av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open video encoder for stream #%u\n", i);
				return ret;
			}
		}
		else if (dec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
			av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Elementary stream #%d is of unknown type, cannot proceed\n", i);
			return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
		} else {
			/* if this stream must be remuxed */
            /* Copy the settings of the source AVCodecContext into the destination  AVCodecContext */
			ret = avcodec_copy_context(ofmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec,	ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec);
			if (ret < 0) {
				av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Copying stream context failed\n");
				return ret;
			}
		}
		if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
			enc_ctx->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
	}
	//av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, "whatever", 1);
	/* init muxer, write output file header */
    
	ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
	if (ret < 0) {
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error occurred when opening output file\n");
		return ret;
	}

	i=0;
	/* read all packets */
	while (1) {
		i++;
		if ((ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, &packet)) < 0)   /* Return the next frame of a stream */
			break;
        
		stream_index = packet.stream_index;
		if(stream_index!=0)
			continue;
        
		type = ifmt_ctx->streams[packet.stream_index]->codec->codec_type;
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Demuxer gave frame of stream_index %u\n", stream_index);
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Going to reencode the frame\n");
        
		frame = av_frame_alloc();
		if (!frame) {
			ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
			break;
		}
        
		packet.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(packet.dts,               /* 解压缩时间戳 */
            ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
			ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
			//(AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
			(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
		packet.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(packet.pts,              /* 显示时间戳 */
			ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
			ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
			//(AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
			(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
        /* Decode the video frame of size avpkt->size from avpkt->data into picture 解码输入文件 */
		ret = avcodec_decode_video2(ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec, frame, &got_frame, &packet);
		printf("Decode 1 Packet\tsize:%d\tpts:%lld\n",packet.size,packet.pts);

		if (ret < 0) {
			av_frame_free(&frame);
			av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Decoding failed\n");
			break;
		}
		if (got_frame) {
			frame->pts = av_frame_get_best_effort_timestamp(frame);
			frame->pict_type=AV_PICTURE_TYPE_NONE;

            /* Initialize optional fields of a packet with default values */
			enc_pkt.data = NULL;
			enc_pkt.size = 0;
			av_init_packet(&enc_pkt);           

            /* Takes input raw video data from frame and writes the next output packet, if available, to avpkt */
			ret = avcodec_encode_video2 (ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec, &enc_pkt, frame, &enc_got_frame);
			printf("Encode 1 Packet\tsize:%d\tpts:%lld\n",enc_pkt.size,enc_pkt.pts);
			av_frame_free(&frame);
			if (ret < 0)
				goto end;
			if (!enc_got_frame)
				continue;
            
			/* prepare packet for muxing */
			enc_pkt.stream_index = stream_index;
			enc_pkt.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(enc_pkt.dts,
				ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
				ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
				//(AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
				(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
			enc_pkt.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(enc_pkt.pts,
				ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
				ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
				//(AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
				(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
			enc_pkt.duration = av_rescale_q(enc_pkt.duration,
				ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
				ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base);
			av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "Muxing frame %d\n",i);
            
			/* mux encoded frame */
            /* Write a packet to an output media file */
			av_write_frame(ofmt_ctx,&enc_pkt);
			if (ret < 0)
				goto end;
		} else {
			av_frame_free(&frame);
		}

		av_free_packet(&packet);
	}

	/* flush encoders */
	for (i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
		/* flush encoder */
		ret = flush_encoder(ofmt_ctx,i);
		if (ret < 0) {
			av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Flushing encoder failed\n");
			goto end;
		}
	}
	av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);
end:
	av_freep(avio_in);
	av_freep(avio_out);
	av_free(inbuffer);
	av_free(outbuffer);
	av_free_packet(&packet);
	av_frame_free(&frame);
	avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx);
	avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);

	fclose(fp_open);
	
	if (ret < 0)
		av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error occurred\n");
	return (ret? 1:0);
}