设计一个抽象类CSolid,含有用于求表面积及体积的两个纯虚函数。设计派生类CCube、CBall、CCylinder,分别表示正方体、球体及圆柱体。在main()函数中,定义CSolid *p;(p是指向基类的指针,且这个基类是个抽象类)。要求利用这个p指针,能够求出正方体、球体及圆柱体对象的表面积及体积。
解决代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class CSolid
{
public:
virtual double area() const =0;
virtual double volume() const =0;
};
class CCube: public CSolid
{
public:
CCube(double a):x(a) {};
virtual double area() const
{
return 6*x*x;
};
virtual double volume() const
{
return x*x*x;
};
protected:
double x;
};
class CBall: public CSolid
{
public:
CBall(double r):R(r) {};
virtual double area() const
{
return 4*3.1415926*R*R;
}
virtual double volume() const
{
return (4/3)*3.1415926*R*R*R;
}
protected:
double R;
};
class CCylinder: public CSolid
{
public:
CCylinder (double r,double h):radium(r),height(h) {};
virtual double area() const
{
return 2*3.1415926*radium*height;
}
virtual double volume() const
{
return 3.1415926*radium*radium*height;
}
protected:
double radium;
double height;
};
int main()
{
CSolid *p;
CCube cube(5.3);
CBall ball(8.3);
CCylinder cylinder(3.4,8.2);
p=&cube;
cout<<"正方体的表面积为:"<<p->area()<<endl;
cout<<"正方体的体积为:"<<p->volume()<<endl;
p=&ball;
cout<<"圆的表面积为:"<<p->area()<<endl;
cout<<"圆方体的体积为:"<<p->volume()<<endl;
p=&cylinder;
cout<<"圆柱体的表面积为:"<<p->area()<<endl;
cout<<"圆柱体的体积为:"<<p->volume()<<endl;
return 0;
}