window用ssh连接本机虚拟机中的ubuntu

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-12 20:33:33 发布

lys07962000

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-12 20:33:33 发布

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来自：

http://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/p/3148337.html

window用ssh连接本机虚拟机中的ubuntu

主机和虚拟机间通信，需将2台机器的IP地址设为同一网段。

1、设置虚拟机：虚拟机–> 设置–> Hardware –> Network Adapter，在网络连接处设置为 “桥接：直接连接到物理网络”，“NAT：使用已共享的主机IP地址”处打勾。

2、window和虚拟机下ubuntu的IP地址设为同一网段
Ubuntu配置和修改IP地址请看：http://www.tieguanyin168.com/index.php/ubuntu-ip-1641.html

其实在第一步中，哪一步中设为桥接模式，并勾选下面那个复选框，就是同一个网段

采用桥接设置才可以PING 通网关

最好设置个静态IP：
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces,将原有动态IP屏蔽掉
并用下面的行来替换有关eth0的行:在# The primary network interface之后，或在末尾加上
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.3.90
gateway 192.168.3.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.3.0
broadcast 192.168.3.255

将上面的ip地址等信息换成你自己就可以了.用下面的命令使网络设置生效:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

3、互ping下，判断windows与linux是否互相ping通。
i、C:\Users\jiqinlin>ping 192.168.11.88 #192.168.11.88虚拟机下ubuntu的ip

正在 Ping 192.168.11.88 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.11.88 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.88 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.88 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.88 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64

192.168.11.88 的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 0ms，最长 = 0ms，平均 = 0ms

ii、root@ubuntu:~# ping 192.168.11.74 #192.168.11.74 windows下ip
PING 192.168.11.74 (192.168.11.74) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.11.74: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.242 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.74: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.268 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.74: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.251 ms

出现类似信息表示windows与linux已互通。

4、连接ssh，在连接前记得在window下安装SSH Secure Shell Client客户端

操作步骤如下：
在win7下通过ssh连接虚拟机的ubuntu，连接失败，提示信息见下图：

然后我在ubuntu终端下输入：ssh localhost，见下图：

ssh : connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused，原来没有装sshd，也就是openssh-server。
输入命令： sudo apt-get install openssh-server

也可能会出现：Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

再：apt-get update
然后输入命令:ssh localhost，见下图

此时可以通过ssh工具连虚拟机的ubuntu系统了。

vmware虚拟机上ubuntu 10.04不能连上外网解决办法

：http://blog.csdn.net/lys07962000/article/details/26173055

ubuntu apt-get update 失败解决。

http://blog.csdn.net/ronghua_liu/article/details/8609450

当运行apt-get update后出现如下错误时：
E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

可以将目录下/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/所有的文件清掉，再次运行apt-get update即可！自带源在大陆不好。

出现以下错误：

[plain] view plain copy print ?

/etc/apt$ sudo apt-get update
Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease
Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg
Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports InRelease
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg
Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg
Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
Reading package lists... Done
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/InRelease
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/InRelease
W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/InRelease
W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/Release.gpg Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/Release.gpg Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/Release.gpg Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
xinju@xinjuOffice:/etc/apt$ cd ../network

/etc/apt$ sudo apt-get update
Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease
  
Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg
  Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease
  
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease
  
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports InRelease
  
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg
  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg
  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
Reading package lists... Done
W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'

W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'

W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'

W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'

W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
xinju@xinjuOffice:/etc/apt$ cd ../network

阿里源:

[plain] view plain copy print ?

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

修改ip:

[plain] view plain copy print ?

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interfacea
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.170
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast 192.168.2.255
gateway 192.168.2.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.2.1

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interfacea
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.170
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast 192.168.2.255
gateway 192.168.2.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.2.1

修改dns:

1,重启生效：

sudo vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base（这个文件默认是空的）

在里面插入：
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

如果有多个DNS就一行一个

修改好保存，然后执行

sudo resolvconf -u

再看/etc/resolv.conf，最下面就多了2行：

cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

可以看到我们的设置已经加上了，然后再ping一个域名，当时就可以解析了，无需重启。

2，重启失效：

配置文件地址 /etc/resolv.conf

使用编辑器打开

改为如下内容：
search localdomain
nameserver 202.96.128.86 希望修改成的DNS
nameserver 202.96.128.166 备用DNS

重启网络：sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart。即可

在目录：/var/lib/apt/lists/partial 输入：

/etc/init.d/networking restart

提示：sh:0 :getcwd() failed: NO such file or directory//出现这个问题是该目录已经被删除

.....

cd / 之后 /etc/init.d/networking restart 就没上面哪个问题