linux命令（二）：查看磁盘硬件信息hdparm，smartctl

hdparm 命令

该命令用来获取或设置SATA/IDE设备的参数。实际上hdparm是linux中的一个用户层程序，查看源码会发现这个命令就是向磁盘发送一些ioctl命令。但是注意了，既然可以获取也可以设置，所以使用这个命令的时候务必要小心。当然我们只是为了获取查看硬盘信息，故不会对硬盘及系统造成什么危害。通常会配合 -i 或 -I（大写的i） 选项来取得硬盘的硬件信息。例如序列码等等啊~用法如下： hdparm -i /dev/sdb

例如输出如下：

[root@localhost grub]# hdparm -i /dev/sdb

/dev/sdb:

 Model=WDC, FwRev=01.01V02, SerialNo=WD-WCAW36379667
 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq }
 RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=50
 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
 CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=1953525168
 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
 PIO modes:  pio0 pio3 pio4 
 DMA modes:  mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 
 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 
 AdvancedPM=yes: unknown setting WriteCache=enabled
 Drive conforms to: Unspecified:  ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7

 * signifies the current active mode

smartctl 命令

这个一个用于控制和监控支持smart技术的硬盘的命令。通常配合 -a 选项我们可以查看到比较详尽的硬盘信息（比如序列号、硬盘容量、已运行时间、硬盘健康状况等）。用法如下：

smartctl -a /dev/sda

部分输出如下：

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital RE4 Serial ATA
Device Model:     WDC WD1003FBYX-01Y7B1
Serial Number:    WD-WCAW36379667
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2b38e9ad1
Firmware Version: 01.01V02
User Capacity:    1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   8
ATA Standard is:  Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is:    Tue Apr  8 20:22:16 2014 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82)	Offline data collection activity
					was completed without error.