函数 stat() 详解

先看看MSDN的解釋：

stat(): Get status information on a file.

Parameters:

    path:  pointer to a string containing the path of existing file.

    buffer:  pointer to a structure that stores results.

int _stat(
   const char *path,
   struct _stat *buffer 
);

結構體 _stat 的定义在 sys\stat.h 裏面，具體內容可自行查看，包括主要的字段為：

  
  

   
   
    
    st_gid 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Numeric identifier of group that owns the file (UNIX-specific) This field will always be zero on Windows systems. A redirected file is classified as a Windows file.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_atime 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Time of last access of file. Valid on NTFS but not on FAT formatted disk drives.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_ctime 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Time of creation of file. Valid on NTFS but not on FAT formatted disk drives.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_dev 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Drive number of the disk containing the file (same as st_rdev).
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_ino 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Number of the information node (the inode) for the file (UNIX-specific). On UNIX file systems, the inode describes the file date and time stamps, permissions, and content. When files are hard-linked to one another, they share the same inode. The inode, and therefore st_ino, has no meaning in the FAT, HPFS, or NTFS file systems.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_mode 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Bit mask for file-mode information. The _S_IFDIR bit is set if path specifies a directory; the _S_IFREG bit is set if path specifies an ordinary file or a device. User read/write bits are set according to the file's permission mode; user execute bits are set according to the filename extension.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_mtime 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Time of last modification of file.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_nlink 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Always 1 on non-NTFS file systems.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_rdev 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Drive number of the disk containing the file (same as st_dev).
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_size 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Size of the file in bytes; a 64-bit integer for variations with the i64 suffix.
   
   
  
  
  
  

   
   
    
    st_uid 
   
   
   
   

    
    
Numeric identifier of user who owns file (UNIX-specific). This field will always be zero on Windows systems. A redirected file is classified as a Windows file.
   
   
  
  
If path refers to a device, the st_size, various time fields, st_dev, and st_rdev fields in the _stat structure are meaningless. Because STAT.H uses the _dev_t type that is defined in TYPES.H, you must include TYPES.H before STAT.H in your code.

下面通過一個demo實例來描述下函數的使用。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    struct _stat buf;
    int result = 0;
    char *filename="D:\\test.txt";//注意分隔符转换

    result = _stat(filename,&buf);
    if(result == 0){
        printf("\nFile Infomation\n");
        printf("file size = [%d]\n",buf.st_size);
        printf("file dev=[%c]\n",buf.st_rdev+'A');//注意加上大A
        return 0;
    }
    return -1;
}