c#,gdi+,画函数图形,坐标系,如f(x)=sin(x)

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 17:39:51 发布

panting8

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 17:39:51 发布

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文章标签：图形 c# gdi+ textbox exception string

// Expression.cs - 动态生成数学表达式并计算其值
// 表达式使用 C# 语法，可带一个的自变量(x)。
// 表达式的自变量和值均为(double)类型。
// 使用举例:
//   Expression expression = new Expression("Math.Sin(x)");
//   Console.WriteLine(expression.Compute(Math.PI / 2));
// expression = new Expression("double u = Math.PI - x;" +
//     "double pi2 = Math.PI * Math.PI;" +
//     "return 3 * x * x + Math.Log(u * u) / pi2 / pi2 + 1;");
//   Console.WriteLine(expression.Compute(0));

using System;
using System.CodeDom.Compiler;
using Microsoft.CSharp;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;

namespace Skyiv.Util
{
    sealed class Expression
    {
        object instance;
        MethodInfo method;

        public Expression(string expression)
        {
            if (expression.IndexOf("return") < 0) expression = "return " + expression + ";";
            string className = "Expression";
            string methodName = "Compute";
            CompilerParameters p = new CompilerParameters();
            p.GenerateInMemory = true;
            CompilerResults cr = new CSharpCodeProvider().CompileAssemblyFromSource(p, string.
              Format("using System;sealed class {0}{{public double {1}(double x){{{2}}}}}",
              className, methodName, expression));
            if (cr.Errors.Count > 0)
            {
                string msg = "Expression(\"" + expression + "\"): \n";
                foreach (CompilerError err in cr.Errors) msg += err.ToString() + "\n";
                throw new Exception(msg);
            }
            instance = cr.CompiledAssembly.CreateInstance(className);
            method = instance.GetType().GetMethod(methodName);
        }

        public double Compute(double x)
        {
            return (double)method.Invoke(instance, new object[] { x });
        }
    }
}

// plot.cs: 画函数图形, 编译方法: csc /t:winexe plot.cs Expression.cs
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Skyiv.Util;

namespace Skyiv.Ben.Plot
{
    sealed class PlotForm : Form
    {
        const int yBase = 24; // 屏幕保留区域的高度

TextBox tbxX0, tbxX1; // 函数自变量的取值范围
TextBox tbxExpression; // 函数的表达式

        PlotForm()
        {
            SuspendLayout();

            Button btnSubmit = new Button();
            btnSubmit.Text = "刷新";
            btnSubmit.Location = new Point(0, 0);
            btnSubmit.Size = new Size(48, 24);
            btnSubmit.Click += new EventHandler(BtnSubmit_Click);

            tbxX0 = new TextBox();
            tbxX0.Text = "-Math.PI";
            tbxX0.Location = new Point(55, 3);
            tbxX0.Size = new Size(100, 20);

            tbxX1 = new TextBox();
            tbxX1.Text = "Math.PI";
            tbxX1.Location = new Point(160, 3);
            tbxX1.Size = new Size(100, 20);

            tbxExpression = new TextBox();
            tbxExpression.Text = "Math.Sin(x)";
            tbxExpression.Location = new Point(265, 3);
            tbxExpression.Size = new Size(335, 20);
tbxExpression.Anchor = (AnchorStyles.Top | AnchorStyles.Left | AnchorStyles.Right);

            Controls.AddRange(new Control[] { btnSubmit, tbxX0, tbxX1, tbxExpression });
            Text = "Plot";
            BackColor = Color.White;
            ClientSize = new Size(600, 600 + yBase);
            // WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;

ResumeLayout(false);
}

        // 点击“刷新”按钮时重绘程序主窗口
        void BtnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Invalidate();
        }

        /*
        // 因为本程序使用 C# 的反射功能动态生成数学表达式并计算其值
        // 所以重画时有点慢，如果你的计算机的速度不是非常快的，
        // 就不要在窗口改变大小时强制重绘，而是通过点击发“刷新”按钮重绘。
        protected override void OnSizeChanged(EventArgs e)
        {
          Invalidate();
          base.OnSizeChanged(e);
        }
        */

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            Graphics gc = e.Graphics;
            try
            {
                double x0 = new Expression(tbxX0.Text).Compute(0);
                double x1 = new Expression(tbxX1.Text).Compute(0);
                Size size = ClientSize;
                int i0 = 0;
                int i1 = size.Width - 1;
                int j0 = yBase;
                int j1 = size.Height - 1;
                Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black, 1);
                gc.DrawLine(pen, i0, j0, i1, j0); // 画图区和保留区的分界线
                double rx = (x1 - x0) / (i1 - i0);
                double y0, y1;
                Expression fx = new Expression(tbxExpression.Text);
                GetFunctionValueRange(fx, x0, rx, i0, i1, out y0, out y1);
                double ry = (y1 - y0) / (j1 - j0);
                Out(gc, 0, "ClientSize: {0}x{1}", i1 - i0 + 1, j1 - j0 + 1);
                Out(gc, 1, "f(x): " + tbxExpression.Text);
                Out(gc, 2, "x:[{0}, {1}] range:{2}", x0, x1, x1 - x0);
                Out(gc, 3, "y:[{0}, {1}] range:{2}", y0, y1, y1 - y0);
                Out(gc, 4, "rx:{0}", 1 / rx); // 函数自变量每单位值用多少个象素表示
                Out(gc, 5, "ry:{0}", 1 / ry); // 函数的值每单位值用多少个象素表示
                Out(gc, 6, "r :{0}", rx / ry); // 该值如果小于1表示图形纵向被压扁，反之则被拉伸
                pen.Color = Color.Green;
                int j = j1 + (int)(y0 / ry);
                if (j >= j0 && j <= j1) gc.DrawLine(pen, i0, j, i1, j); // x坐标轴
                int i = i0 - (int)(x0 / rx);
                if (i >= i0 && i <= i1) gc.DrawLine(pen, i, j0, i, j1); // y坐标轴
                pen.Color = Color.Red;
                for (i = i0; i <= i1; i++)
                {
                    double x = x0 + (i - i0) * rx;
                    double y = fx.Compute(x);
                    if (double.IsInfinity(y) || double.IsNaN(y)) continue;
                    j = j1 - (int)((y - y0) / ry);
                    if (j > j1 || j < j0) continue;
                    gc.DrawLine(pen, i, j, i + 1, j); // 画函数的图形
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Out(gc, 0, ex.Message);
            }
            base.OnPaint(e);
        }

        // 函数值的取值范围
        void GetFunctionValueRange(Expression fx, double x0, double rx, int i0, int i1, out double y0, out double y1)
        {
            y0 = double.MaxValue;
            y1 = double.MinValue;
            for (int i = i0; i <= i1; i++)
            {
                double x = x0 + (i - i0) * rx;
                double y = fx.Compute(x);
                if (double.IsInfinity(y) || double.IsNaN(y)) continue;
                if (y0 > y) y0 = y;
                if (y1 < y) y1 = y;
            }
        }

        // 在指定的位置写字符串
        void Out(Graphics gc, int line, string fmt, params object[] args)
        {
            gc.DrawString(string.Format(fmt, args), new Font("Courier New", 10), Brushes.Blue, new PointF(5, yBase + 15 * line));
        }

        static void Main()
        {
            Application.Run(new PlotForm());
        }
    }
}