使用COM接口,直接操作EXCEL(只能在Win上)。
优点:可以满足绝大数要求。缺点:有些麻烦。
文档也可以参看OFFICE自带的VBA EXCEL 帮助文件(VBAXL.CHM)。这里面讲述了EXCEL VBA的编程概念,不错的教程!另外,《Python Programming on Win32》书中也有很详细的介绍。这本书中给出了一个类来操作EXCEL 文件,可以很容易的加以扩展
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- from win32com.client import Dispatch
- import win32com.client
- class easyExcel:
- """A utility to make it easier to get at Excel. Remembering
- to save the data is your problem, as is error handling.
- Operates on one workbook at a time."""
- def __init__(self, filename=None): #打开文件或者新建文件(如果不存在的话)
- self.xlApp = win32com.client.Dispatch('Excel.Application')
- if filename:
- self.filename = filename
- self.xlBook = self.xlApp.Workbooks.Open(filename)
- else:
- self.xlBook = self.xlApp.Workbooks.Add()
- self.filename = ''
- def save(self, newfilename=None): #保存文件
- if newfilename:
- self.filename = newfilename
- self.xlBook.SaveAs(newfilename)
- else:
- self.xlBook.Save()
- def close(self): #关闭文件
- self.xlBook.Close(SaveChanges=0)
- del self.xlApp
- def getCell(self, sheet, row, col): #获取单元格的数据
- "Get value of one cell"
- sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)
- return sht.Cells(row, col).Value
- def setCell(self, sheet, row, col, value): #设置单元格的数据
- "set value of one cell"
- sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)
- sht.Cells(row, col).Value = value
- def getRange(self, sheet, row1, col1, row2, col2): #获得一块区域的数据,返回为一个二维元组
- "return a 2d array (i.e. tuple of tuples)"
- sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)
- return sht.Range(sht.Cells(row1, col1), sht.Cells(row2, col2)).Value
- def addPicture(self, sheet, pictureName, Left, Top, Width, Height): #插入图片
- "Insert a picture in sheet"
- sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)
- sht.Shapes.AddPicture(pictureName, 1, 1, Left, Top, Width, Height)
- def cpSheet(self, before): #复制工作表
- "copy sheet"
- shts = self.xlBook.Worksheets
- shts(1).Copy(None,shts(1))
- "下面是一些测试代码。
- if __name__ == "__main__":
- PNFILE = r'c:/screenshot.bmp'
- xls = easyExcel(r'D:/test.xls')
- xls.addPicture('Sheet1', PNFILE, 20,20,1000,1000)
- xls.cpSheet('Sheet1')
- xls.save()
- xls.close()