http://developer.android.com/intl/zh-CN/guide/components/services.html
在其中有句
Caution: A service runs in the main thread of its hosting process—the service does not create its own thread and does not run in a separate process (unless you specify otherwise). This means that, if your service is going to do any CPU intensive work or blocking operations (such as MP3 playback or networking), you should create a new thread within the service to do that work. By using a separate thread, you will reduce the risk of Application Not Responding (ANR) errors and the application's main thread can remain dedicated to user interaction with your activities.
意思是service与activity一样都存在与当前进程的主线程中,所以,一些阻塞UI的操作,比如耗时操作不能放在service里进行,比如另外开启一个线程来处理诸如网络请求的耗时操作。如果在service里进行一些耗CPU和耗时操作,可能会引发ANR警告,这时应用会弹出是强制关闭还是等待的对话框。所以,对service的理解就是和activity平级的,只不过是看不见的,在后台运行的一个组件,这也是为什么和activity同被说为Android的基本组件。
也就是说service与activity 同一个进程和线程里面
下面是测试代码:
package com.example.servicetest2;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.support.v4.app.NavUtils;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mCallbackText=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
Button button=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
Button button2=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
// System.
// Process.myPid();
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doBindService();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId()+"main "+Process.myPid());
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.run();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId()+"Thread "+Process.myPid());
}
}.start();
}
});
button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doUnbindService();
}
});
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
return true;
}
/** Messenger for communicating with service. */
Messenger mService = null;
/** Flag indicating whether we have called bind on the service. */
boolean mIsBound;
/** Some text view we are using to show state information. */
TextView mCallbackText;
/**
* Handler of incoming messages from service.
*/
class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId()+"main IncomingHandler "+Process.myPid());
switch (msg.what) {
case MessengerService.MSG_SET_VALUE:
mCallbackText.setText("Received from service: " + msg.arg1);
break;
default:
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
}
/**
* Target we publish for clients to send messages to IncomingHandler.
*/
final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler());
/**
* Class for interacting with the main interface of the service.
*/
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className,
IBinder service) {
// This is called when the connection with the service has been
// established, giving us the service object we can use to
// interact with the service. We are communicating with our
// service through an IDL interface, so get a client-side
// representation of that from the raw service object.
mService = new Messenger(service);
mCallbackText.setText("Attached.");
// We want to monitor the service for as long as we are
// connected to it.
try {
Message msg = Message.obtain(null,
MessengerService.MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT);
msg.replyTo = mMessenger;
mService.send(msg);
// Give it some value as an example.
msg = Message.obtain(null,
MessengerService.MSG_SET_VALUE, +this.hashCode(), 0);
mService.send(msg);
msg=Message.obtain(null, 3, 2222, 0);
mService.send(msg);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// In this case the service has crashed before we could even
// do anything with it; we can count on soon being
// disconnected (and then reconnected if it can be restarted)
// so there is no need to do anything here.
}
// As part of the sample, tell the user what happened.
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "R.string.remote_service_connected",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
// This is called when the connection with the service has been
// unexpectedly disconnected -- that is, its process crashed.
mService = null;
mCallbackText.setText("Disconnected.");
// As part of the sample, tell the user what happened.
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "R.string.remote_service_disconnected",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
};
void doBindService() {
// Establish a connection with the service. We use an explicit
// class name because there is no reason to be able to let other
// applications replace our component.
bindService(new Intent(MainActivity.this,
MessengerService.class), mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
mIsBound = true;
mCallbackText.setText("Binding.");
}
void doUnbindService() {
if (mIsBound) {
// If we have received the service, and hence registered with
// it, then now is the time to unregister.
if (mService != null) {
try {
Message msg = Message.obtain(null,
MessengerService.MSG_UNREGISTER_CLIENT);
msg.replyTo = mMessenger;
mService.send(msg);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// There is nothing special we need to do if the service
// has crashed.
}
}
// Detach our existing connection.
unbindService(mConnection);
mIsBound = false;
mCallbackText.setText("Unbinding.");
}
}
}
package com.example.servicetest2;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MessengerService extends Service{
/** For showing and hiding our notification. */
NotificationManager mNM;
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("onStartCommand");
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
/** Keeps track of all current registered clients. */
ArrayList<Messenger> mClients = new ArrayList<Messenger>();
/** Holds last value set by a client. */
int mValue = 0;
/**
* Command to the service to register a client, receiving callbacks
* from the service. The Message's replyTo field must be a Messenger of
* the client where callbacks should be sent.
*/
static final int MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT = 1;
/**
* Command to the service to unregister a client, ot stop receiving callbacks
* from the service. The Message's replyTo field must be a Messenger of
* the client as previously given with MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT.
*/
static final int MSG_UNREGISTER_CLIENT = 2;
/**
* Command to service to set a new value. This can be sent to the
* service to supply a new value, and will be sent by the service to
* any registered clients with the new value.
*/
static final int MSG_SET_VALUE = 3;
/**
* Handler of incoming messages from clients.
*/
class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId()+"handleMessage"+Process.myPid());
switch (msg.what) {
case MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT:
mClients.add(msg.replyTo);
// msg.r
System.out.println(" mClients.add(msg.replyTo);"+mClients.size());
break;
case MSG_UNREGISTER_CLIENT:
mClients.remove(msg.replyTo);
System.out.println(" mClients.remove(msg.replyTo);");
break;
case MSG_SET_VALUE:
mValue = msg.arg1;
System.out.println(mValue+">>>");
System.out.println(" >>"+MSG_SET_VALUE);
for (int i=mClients.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {
try {
mClients.get(i).send(Message.obtain(null,
MSG_SET_VALUE, mValue, 0));
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// The client is dead. Remove it from the list;
// we are going through the list from back to front
// so this is safe to do inside the loop.
mClients.remove(i);
}
}
break;
default:
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
}
/**
* Target we publish for clients to send messages to IncomingHandler.
*/
final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler());
@Override
public void onCreate() {
//mNM = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// Display a notification about us starting.
// showNotification();
// Toast.makeText(context, text, duration)
Toast.makeText(this, "R.string.remote_service_startped>>>>", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// Cancel the persistent notification.
//mNM.cancel("R.string.remote_service_started");
// Tell the user we stopped.
Toast.makeText(this, "R.string.remote_service_stopped>>>", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
/**
* When binding to the service, we return an interface to our messenger
* for sending messages to the service.
*/
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
System.out.println("onBind"+Process.myPid());
return mMessenger.getBinder();
}
}
的到的结果
![](https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201207/26/1343268831_1407.png)