1,同步块
synchronized(监视器){
方法块
}
2、同步方法
public synchronize 返回值 方法名(){
}
同步方法默认监视器是当前对象this,
上面代码中,因为new了3个对象,this不同,同步不起作用。这就体现了单例模式的重要性。
下面代码同步起作用,因为只有一个Runnable对象,this相同。
synchronized(监视器){
方法块
}
任何对象可以充当监视器。但前提得是同一个对象。
public class SaleTicket extends Thread{
private static int ticket=100;
// private static Object obj = new Object();
@Override
public void run(){
while(true){
try {
Thread.currentThread().sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
show();
}
}
public void show(){
synchronized(this){
if(ticket>0){
System.out.println(ticket--);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
SaleTicket s1 = new SaleTicket();
s1.start();
SaleTicket s2 = new SaleTicket();
s2.start();
SaleTicket s3 = new SaleTicket();
s3.start();
}
}
上面代码,this充当监视器,由于三个Thread对象,所以三个this不一样,起不到同步的效果。如果将this换成静态Object,那么同步起作用。
public class SaleTicket2 implements Runnable {
private int ticket =100;
private Object obj = new Object();
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
// synchronized (this) {
try {
Thread.currentThread().sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
show();
// }
}
}
public void show(){
synchronized(obj){
if (ticket > 0) {
System.out.println(ticket--);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] main){
Runnable t = new SaleTicket2();
Thread t1 = new Thread(t);
Thread t2 = new Thread(t);
Thread t3 = new Thread(t);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}
此代码中,只是有一个Runnable实例,所以ticket和obj都是共享的,synchronized(this)和synchronize(obj)都能够起到同步效果。因为是线程共享对象。
2、同步方法
public synchronize 返回值 方法名(){
}
同步方法默认监视器是当前对象this,
public class SaleTicket extends Thread{
private static int ticket=100;
private static Object obj = new Object();
@Override
public void run(){
while(true){
try {
Thread.currentThread().sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
show();
}
}
public synchronized void show(){
// synchronized(obj){
if(ticket>0){
System.out.println(ticket--);
// }
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
SaleTicket s1 = new SaleTicket();
s1.start();
SaleTicket s2 = new SaleTicket();
s2.start();
SaleTicket s3 = new SaleTicket();
s3.start();
}
}
上面代码中,因为new了3个对象,this不同,同步不起作用。这就体现了单例模式的重要性。
下面代码同步起作用,因为只有一个Runnable对象,this相同。
public class SaleTicket2 implements Runnable {
private int ticket =100;
private Object obj = new Object();
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
// synchronized (this) {
try {
Thread.currentThread().sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
show();
// }
}
}
public synchronized void show(){
// synchronized(obj){
if (ticket > 0) {
System.out.println(ticket--);
}
// }
}
public static void main(String[] main){
Runnable t = new SaleTicket2();
Thread t1 = new Thread(t);
Thread t2 = new Thread(t);
Thread t3 = new Thread(t);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}