Linux suspend-to-disk 流程分析

1. 实验平台

cpu: omap4460 blaze tablet

memory: 1-GB DRAM

OS: android 4.0.3, kernel 3.0.31

2.流程分析

2.1 create and save image procedure

1).  echo "disk" > /sys/power/state

2). state_store() kernel/power/main.c

3). hibernate()  kernel/power/hibernate.c

         pm_prepare_console()

         pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE)

         usermodehelper_disable()

             //usermode enables multiple virtual linux systems (known as guests) to run as an application within a normal Linux system (known as the host)

             //from wiki usermode

         create_basic_memory_bitmaps()

             //create bitmaps needed for marking page frames that should not be saved and free page frames.

             //forbidden_pages_map, free_pages_map

         sys_sync()

         prepare_processes()

             freeze_processes() kernel/power/process.c

                 //freeze user space process and kernel task  

         hibernation_snapshot(hibernation_mode == HIBERNATION_PLATFORM)

             //hibernation_mode=HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN

             //Quiesce devices and create a hibernation image  

4). hibernation_snapshot() 

         dpm_prepare(PMSG_FREEZE) drivers/base/power/main.c

             //execute ->prepare() callback for all non-sysdev devices, device list movement dpm_list-->dpm_prepared_list

         hibernate_preallocate_memory()  kernel/power/snapshot.c

             //Preallocate memory for hibernation image

         suspend_console()

         pm_restrict_gfp_mask()

             //avoid i/o and fs to allocate memory during suspend procedure

             //clear bit GFP_IOFS of gfp_allowed_mask

         dpm_suspend(PMSG_FREEZE)

             //execute ->suspend() callback for all non-sysdev devices, device list movement dpm_prepared_list-->dpm_suspended_list 

5). create_image()

         dpm_suspend_noirq(PMSG_FREEZE) 

             //execute "late suspend"

             suspend_device_irqs() kernel/irq/pm.c

                 //disable all currently enabled interrupt lines

                 //after this function, device will can't receive interrupt

             device_suspend_noirq()

                 //execute -->suspend_noirq callback for all non-sysdev devices, device list movement dpm_suspended_list-->dpm_noirq_list             

         disable_nonboot_cpus()

         local_irq_disable()

         syscore_suspend()  driver/base/syscore.c

             //execute all the registered system core suspend callbacks

             //all system core devices linked with syscore_ops_list 

         pm_wakeup_pending()

             //Check if power transition in progress should be aborted.

         //set in_suspend to 1 ,it is saved in nosave section of ELF format

         save_processor_state()  include/linux/suspend.h

             preempt_disable()  include/linux/preempt.h

         swsusp_arch_suspend()  arch/arm/kernel/swsusp.S <patch from swsusp>

             //Save the current CPU state to memory

             //store cpu's registers to memory address ctx in turn

             //system mode register:cpsr,r0--14

             //supervisor mode register: spsr,sp,lr             

	adr	r0, ctx
	mrs	r1, cpsr
	stm	r0!, {r1}		/* current CPSR */
	msr	cpsr_c, #SYSTEM_MODE
	stm	r0!, {r0-r14}		/* user regs */
	msr	cpsr_c, #SVC_MODE
	mrs	r2, spsr
	stm	r0!, {r2, sp, lr}	/* SVC SPSR, SVC regs */
	msr	cpsr, r1		/* restore original mode */

             __save_processor_state  arch/arm/mach-omap2/sleep44xx.S

                 //store r0--12,lr to stack

                 //store CPU CP15 registers to memory address ctx in turn

                 // sp,spsr,lr

                 //c1,c2,c3,c10,c12,c13,cpsr,c1_controler_register

                 blv7_flush_dcache_all

                     //Flush all data from the L1 data cache before disabling SCTLR.C bit

                 //Clear the SCTLR.C bit to prevent further data cache allocation. Clearing SCTLR.C would make all the data accesses strongly ordered and would not hit the cache.

                 //pop stack to r0--12,pc; so this is sub function(__save_processor_state) return

         b swsusp_save  

             //swsusp_save is a C-function, it exit will cause  swsusp_arch_suspend return

             swsusp_save()  kernel/power/snapshot.c

                 //Creating hibernation image

                 swsusp_alloc()

                     //allocate memory for the suspend image

                 drain_local_pages(NULL)  mm/page_alloc.c

                     //Spill all of this CPU's per-cpu pages back into the buddy allocator

                 copy_data_pages(&copy_bm, &orig_bm)                     

         restore_processor_state()  include/linux/suspend.h

             preempt_enable()   

         syscore_resume()

             //Execute all the registered system core resume callbacks.  

         local_irq_enable()

         enable_nonboot_cpus()

         dpm_resume_noirq(PMSG_RECOVER)

             device_resume_noirq()

                 //Execute an "early resume" callback for given device, device list movement dpm_noirq_list-->dpm_suspended_list

             resume_device_irqs() kernel/irq/pm.c

                 //enable interrupt lines disabled by suspend_device_irqs()  

         dpm_resume( PMSG_RECOVER)

         resume_console()

         dpm_complete( PMSG_RECOVER)  

         swsusp_write()

         swsusp_free()

         power_down()

2.2 power on and restore procedure