微信红包自打出世以来就极其受欢迎,抢红包插件可谓红极一时.今天,我们重新谈谈抢红包插件的哪些事儿.本质上,抢红包插件的原理不难理解,其过程就是在收到红包时,自动模拟点击.做过自动化UI测试的童鞋应该非常熟悉了.那么问题来了,我们怎么知道有没有红包,又怎么模拟点击操作呢?在PC端我们有按键精灵,那么在Android设备上呢?话说也偶然,Google为了让Android系统更实用,为用户提供了无障碍辅助服务(AccessibilityService
).
AccessibilityService
运行在后台,并且能够收到由系统发出的一些事件(AccessibilityEvent
,这些事件表示用户界面一系列的状态变化),比如焦点改变,输入内容变化,按钮被点击了等等,该种服务能够请求获取当前活动窗口并查找其中的内容.换言之,界面中产生的任何变化都会产生一个时间,并由系统通知给AccessibilityService
.这就像监视器监视着界面的一举一动,一旦界面发生变化,立刻发出警报.
是不是感觉很棒?接下来,让我们来看看如何AccessibilityService的基本使用,在不同的阶段,对其中的一些点做深入的说明,之后我们从实际应用出发,探讨其中的一些使用场景.
基础使用
1. 创建服务类
编写自己的服务类,需要继承AccessibilityService类.其中要实现onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event)
及onInterruput()
两个重要的方法:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">RobService</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AccessibilityService</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAccessibilityEvent</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//handle </span> } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onInterrupt</span>() { } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onServiceConnected</span>() { } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>
这里我们简单的介绍一下该类常用的方法:
方法 | 作用 |
---|---|
disableSelf() | 禁用当前服务,也就是在服务可以通过该方法停止运行 |
findFoucs(int falg) | 查找拥有特定焦点类型的控件 |
getRootInActiveWindow() | 如果配置能够获取窗口内容,则会返回当前活动窗口的根结点 |
getSeviceInfo() | 获取当前服务的配置信息 |
onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event ) | 有关AccessibilityEvent事件的回调函数.系统通过sendAccessibiliyEvent()不断的发送AccessibilityEvent到此处 |
performGlobalAction(int action) | 执行全局操作,比如返回,回到主页,打开最近等操作 |
setServiceInfo(AccessibilityServiceInfo info) | 设置当前服务的配置信息 |
getSystemService(String name) | 获取系统服务 |
onKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) | 如果允许服务监听按键操作,该方法是按键事件的回调,需要注意,这个过程发生了系统处理按键事件之前 |
onServiceConnected() | 系统成功绑定该服务时被触发,也就是当你在设置中开启相应的服务,系统成功的绑定了该服务时会触发,通常我们可以在这里做一些初始化操作 |
更详细的内容参见官方文档
2. 声明服务
像其他Service服务一样,需要在AndroidManifest.xml中声明.除此之外,该服务还必须配置以下两项:
- 配置
<intent-filter>
,其name为固定的android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService - 声明BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE权限,以便系统能够绑定该服务(4.1版本后要求)
注意:任何一点配置错误,系统都检测不到该服务,因此其固定配置如下:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <service android:name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">".RobService"</span> android:enabled=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> android:exported=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> android:permission=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE"</span>> <intent-filter> <action android:name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService"</span>/> </intent-filter> </service> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
3. 配置服务类
在AndroidManifest.xml声明了该服务之后,接下来就是需要对该服务进行一些参数设置了.该服务能够被配置用来接受指定类型的事件,监听指定package,检索窗口内容,获取事件类型的时间等等.目前有两种配置方法:
- 4.0之后提供了可以通过
<meta-data>
标签进行配置 - 通过
setServiceInfo()
进行配置
1. 通过<meta-data>
进行配置
在manifest生命的servce中提供一个meta-data标签,然后通过android:resource指定相应的配置文件(在res目录下创建xml文件,并在其中创建配置文件accessibility.xml):
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">service </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">".RobService"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:enabled</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:exported</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:permission</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta-data </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.accessibilityservice"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:resource</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@xml/accessibility"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">service</span>></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>
接下来我们来看accessibility.xml的相关配置:
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">accessibility-service</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityEventTypes</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"typeNotificationStateChanged|typeWindowStateChanged|typeWindowContentChanged"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFeedbackType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"feedbackGeneric"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFlags</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"flagDefault"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:canRetrieveWindowContent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:notificationTimeout</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:packageNames</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.tencent.mm"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
后面,我们在只需要仿照该配置文件根据自己的需求进行修改即可.下面我们会对这些属性进行介绍.
2. 通过setServiceInfo(AccessibilityServiceInfo info)
也可以通过setServiceInfo(AccessibilityServiceInfo)
为其配置信息,除此之外,通过该方法可以在运行期间动态修改服务配置.需要注意,该方法只能用来配置动态属性:eventTypes,feedbackType,flags,notificaionTimeout及packageNames.
通常是在onServiceConnected()
进行配置,如下代码:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onServiceConnected</span>() { AccessibilityServiceInfo serviceInfo = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> AccessibilityServiceInfo(); serviceInfo.eventTypes = AccessibilityEvent.TYPES_ALL_MASK; serviceInfo.feedbackType = AccessibilityServiceInfo.FEEDBACK_GENERIC; serviceInfo.packageNames = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> String[]{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.tencent.mm"</span>}; serviceInfo.notificationTimeout=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>; setServiceInfo(serviceInfo); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
在这里涉及到了AccessibilityServiceInfo类,做个说明:
AccessibilityServiceInfo该类被用于配置AccessibilityService信息,该类中包含了大量用于配置的常量字段及用来xml 属性,比如常见的android:accessibilityEventTypes,android:canRequestFilterKeyEvents,android:packageNames等等,更多信息参见官方文档
这里,简单的对重要属性进行说明:
accessibilityEventTypes
:表示该服务对界面中的哪些变化感兴趣,即哪些事件通知,比如窗口打开,滑动,焦点变化,长按等.具体的值可以在AccessibilityEvent类中查到,如typeAllMask表示接受所有的事件通知.accessibilityFeedbackType
:表示反馈方式,比如是语音播放,还是震动canRetrieveWindowContent
:表示该服务能否访问活动窗口中的内容.也就是如果你希望在服务中获取窗体内容的化,则需要设置其值为true.notificationTimeout
:接受事件的时间间隔,通常将其设置为100即可.packageNames
:表示对该服务是用来监听哪个包的产生的事件
4. 启动服务
当我们做完以上操作,便可将app安装到手机.安装成功后,在设置->辅助功能中便可以找到我们的服务.该服务默认处在关闭状态,需要手动开启.
5. 获取事件信息
上面我们说道,onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event)
是该服务的核心方法,其中参数event封装来自界面相关事件的信息,比如我们可以获得该事件的事件类型,进而根据起类型选择不同的处理方式:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAccessibilityEvent</span>(AccessibilityEvent <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">event</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> eventType = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">event</span>.getEventType(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (eventType) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED: <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//界面点击</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_TEXT_CHANGED: <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//界面文字改动</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>
这里我们对AccessibilityEvent进行简单的说明:
当用户发生发生变化时,系统会发送一系列的AccessibilityEvent事件,比如按钮被电击时会发送TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED类型的事件.
方法 | 说明 |
---|---|
getEventType() | 事件类型 |
getSource() | 获取事件源对应的结点信息 |
getClassName() | 获取事件源对应类的类型,比如点击事件是有某个Button产生的,那么此时获取的就是Button的完整类名 |
getText() | 获取事件源的文本信息,比如事件是有TextView发出的,此时获取的就是TextView的text属性.如果该事件源是树结构,那么此时获取的是这个树上所有具有text属性的值的集合 |
isEnabled() | 事件源(对应的界面控件)是否处在可用状态 |
getItemCount() | 如果事件源是树结构,将返回该树根节点下子节点的数量 |
系统不断的产生各种事件,有些是界面控件产生的,有些是系统产生的.对于由界面控件的产生的事件,通常我们将该控件称之为事件源.并不是所有的事件都能通过getSource()方法获取到事件源,比如像通知消息类型的事件(
TYPE_NOTIFICATION_STATE_CHANGED
).
6. 获取窗口内容
仅仅知道事件的信息是不够的,我们还希望通过事件来获取发出该事件(事件源)的信息,比如Button按钮被点击时它的text.一个服务可以配置为可以检索窗口内容,即获取窗口内容.整个窗口内容本质上是关于AccessibilityWindowInfo和AccessibilityNodeInfo的树结构,我称之为内容树.(类似View Tree,但由不完全相同)
需要注意,该服务可能配置了只检测了部分事件,而不是全部事件,这就意味着,当内容树发生变化后,该服务可能并不知道,即该服务无法及时的了解当前的内容树是否发生了变化.比如说,你的服务只检测了点击事件,但是此时界面的输入焦点已经变化,这样整个结点树也发生了变化,但是你的服务却不知道,此时你在结点中拿到的窗口内容可能已经不是最新的了.因此,如果你想及时的获知当前窗口的内容,那么就在配置的时候,设置监听全部事件.
正如上面所提到的,要想获取窗口内容,,在配置AccessibilityService时需设置canRetrieveWindowContent为true.之后,便可以通过AccessibilityEvent.getSource()
,findFocus(int)
,getWindow()
或者getRootInActiveWindow()
获取窗口内容.
7. 服务的生命周期
要理解该中服务的生命周期只需要记住以下三点即可:
- 该种服务完全由系统管理,并遵循已有的服务周期.
- 开启一个服务只能由用户在设置中打开,而关闭则只能由用户在设置中关闭或者服务本身通过diableSelf()方法关闭(当然,现在有些第三放软件也可以强制关闭该类型服务)
- 系统绑定该服务之后,会调用onServiceConnected()方法,这个方法可以被重写,在其中,你可以做一些初始化的操作.
8. 检测服务是否开启
介绍了一些AccessibilityService的基础知识之后,再补充一点关于检测某个服务是否开启的知识.通常来说大体有一下两种方法:
方法一:借助服务管理器AccessibilityManager来判断,但是该方法不能检测app本身开启的服务.
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> boolean enabled(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">String</span> name) { AccessibilityManager am <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span> (AccessibilityManager) getSystemService(Context<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE); <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">List</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><</span>AccessibilityServiceInfo<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> serviceInfos <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span> am<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>getEnabledAccessibilityServiceList(AccessibilityServiceInfo<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>FEEDBACK_GENERIC); <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">List</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><</span>AccessibilityServiceInfo<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> installedAccessibilityServiceList <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span> am<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>getInstalledAccessibilityServiceList(); for (AccessibilityServiceInfo info : installedAccessibilityServiceList) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Log</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"MainActivity"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"all -->"</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">+</span> info<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>getId()); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (name<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">equals</span>(info<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>getId())) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>; } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>
既然谈到了AccessibilityManager,那么在这里我们就做个简单的介绍:
AccessibilityManager是系统级别的服务,用来管理AccessibilityService服务,比如分发事件,查询系统中服务的状态等等,更多信息参考官方文档
方法 | 说明 |
---|---|
getAccessibilityServiceList() | 获取服务列表(api 14之后废弃,用下面的方法代替) |
getInstalledAccessibilityServiceList() | 获取已安装到系统的服务列表 |
getEnabledAccessibilityServiceList(int feedbackTypeFlags) | 获取已启用的服务列表 |
isEnabled() | 判断服务是否启用 |
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) | 发送事件 |
方法二:我们知道大部分的系统属性都在settings中进行设置,比如wifi,蓝牙状态等,而这些信息主要是存储在settings对应的的数据库中(system表和serure表),同样我们也可以通过直接读取setting设置来判断相关服务是否开启:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">private boolean checkStealFeature1(String service) { int ok = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> try { ok = Settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.Secure</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getInt</span>(getApplicationContext()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getContentResolver</span>(), Settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.Secure</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ACCESSIBILITY</span>_ENABLED)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> } catch (Settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.SettingNotFoundException</span> e) { } TextUtils<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.SimpleStringSplitter</span> ms = new TextUtils<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.SimpleStringSplitter</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">':'</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> if (ok == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) { String settingValue = Settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.Secure</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getString</span>(getApplicationContext()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getContentResolver</span>(), Settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.Secure</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ENABLED</span>_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICES)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> if (settingValue != null) { ms<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setString</span>(settingValue)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> while (ms<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.hasNext</span>()) { String accessibilityService = ms<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.next</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> if (accessibilityService<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.equalsIgnoreCase</span>(service)) { return true<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> } } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>
实际应用
到现在有关AccessibilityService的一些知识,我们已经讲完,下面我们就看它的具体使用,其中典型的应用就是抢红包插件.
1. 抢红包插件
先回顾一下抢红包的的流程:
1. 状态栏出现”[微信红包]”的消息提示,点击进入聊天界面
2. 点击相应的红包信息,弹出抢红包界面
3. 在抢红包界面点击”开”,打开红包
4. 在红包详情页面,查看详情,点击返回按钮返回微信聊天界面.
以上是不在微信聊天界面时的流程.如果你所在的微信聊天窗口出现红包,则不会执行步骤1,而是直接执行2,3,4.如果是在微信好友列表时,收到红包,则会在列表项中显示[微信红包],需要点即该列表项,进入聊天界面,随后执行2,3,4.为了方便演示,这里我们暂时不考虑好友列表时出现红包的情况.
明白了抢红包流程,之后我们通过AccessibilityService获取通知栏信息及微信聊天窗口界面,继而通过模拟点击实现打开红包,抢红包等操作.
AccessibilityService配置如下:
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">accessibility-service</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityEventTypes</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"typeNotificationStateChanged|typeWindowStateChanged|typeWindowContentChanged"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFeedbackType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"feedbackGeneric"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFlags</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"flagDefault"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:canRetrieveWindowContent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:notificationTimeout</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:packageNames</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.tencent.mm"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
具体实现代码如下:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">RobService</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AccessibilityService</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAccessibilityEvent</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> eventType = event.getEventType(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (eventType) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_NOTIFICATION_STATE_CHANGED: handleNotification(event); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED: String className = event.getClassName().toString(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (className.equals(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.tencent.mm.ui.LauncherUI"</span>)) { getPacket(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (className.equals(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.tencent.mm.plugin.luckymoney.ui.LuckyMoneyReceiveUI"</span>)) { openPacket(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (className.equals(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.tencent.mm.plugin.luckymoney.ui.LuckyMoneyDetailUI"</span>)) { close(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 处理通知栏信息 * * 如果是微信红包的提示信息,则模拟点击 * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> event */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleNotification</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { List<CharSequence> texts = event.getText(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!texts.isEmpty()) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (CharSequence text : texts) { String content = text.toString(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果微信红包的提示信息,则模拟点击进入相应的聊天窗口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (content.contains(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"[微信红包]"</span>)) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (event.getParcelableData() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && event.getParcelableData() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">instanceof</span> Notification) { Notification notification = (Notification) event.getParcelableData(); PendingIntent pendingIntent = notification.contentIntent; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { pendingIntent.send(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (PendingIntent.CanceledException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 关闭红包详情界面,实现自动返回聊天窗口 */</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@TargetApi</span>(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">close</span>() { AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo = getRootInActiveWindow(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (nodeInfo != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//为了演示,直接查看了关闭按钮的id</span> List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> infos = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@id/ez"</span>); nodeInfo.recycle(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (AccessibilityNodeInfo item : infos) { item.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK); } } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 模拟点击,拆开红包 */</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@TargetApi</span>(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">openPacket</span>() { AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo = getRootInActiveWindow(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (nodeInfo != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//为了演示,直接查看了红包控件的id</span> List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> list = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@id/b9m"</span>); nodeInfo.recycle(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (AccessibilityNodeInfo item : list) { item.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK); } } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 模拟点击,打开抢红包界面 */</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@TargetApi</span>(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getPacket</span>() { AccessibilityNodeInfo rootNode = getRootInActiveWindow(); AccessibilityNodeInfo node = recycle(rootNode); node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK); AccessibilityNodeInfo parent = node.getParent(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (parent != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (parent.isClickable()) { parent.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } parent = parent.getParent(); } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 递归查找当前聊天窗口中的红包信息 * * 聊天窗口中的红包都存在"领取红包"一词,因此可根据该词查找红包 * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> node */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> AccessibilityNodeInfo <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">recycle</span>(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (node.getChildCount() == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (node.getText() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"领取红包"</span>.equals(node.getText().toString())) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> node; } } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < node.getChildCount(); i++) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (node.getChild(i) != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { recycle(node.getChild(i)); } } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> node; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onInterrupt</span>() { } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onServiceConnected</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onServiceConnected(); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; 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上面的代码简单演示了抢红包的原理,为了方便起见,我直接通过findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId()
获取制定id控件.在实际中,这种方法不太可靠,到目前为止,微信已经改过几次相关控件的id了.
有童鞋问,怎么样知道该控件的id呢.其实很简单,android中已经为我们提供了相关的工具:在Android Studio中开启Android Device Monitor,选择设备后点击Dump View Hierarchy for UI Automator,如下:
稍等片刻之后,便会出现当前设备的窗口,在该窗口中点击相关控件,便会显示该控件的属性.借助该工具,可以帮我们快速的分析界面结构,帮助我们从其他app布局策略中学习
我们用Dump View Hierarchy for UI Automator分析聊天界面微信红包信息:
抢红包界面:
2. APK自动安装
讲完了微信红包插件的实现原理,不难发现其本质是根据相关的界面状态,模拟后续的操作(比如点击等).
既然这样,那么我们完全可以利用该服务实现更多的功能,比如apk自动安装,传统的安装过程大概是如下流程:
点击apk文件,弹出安装信息界面,在该界面点击”下一步”,然后在点击”安装”,最后在安装完成界面点击”完成”.
不难发现,该流程完全可以通过模拟点击操作完成.现在我们简单的讲一下AccessibilityService在这方面的具体应用.我们知道系统的安装程序由PackageInstaller负责,其包名是com.android.packageinstaller
,那么我们只需要监听该package下的安装信息界面和安装完成界面,并模拟点击”下一步”,”安装”,完成”“操作即可实现自动安装.
AccessibilityService配置如下:
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">accessibility-service</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityEventTypes</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"typeAllMask"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFeedbackType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"feedbackGeneric"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFlags</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"flagDefault"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:canRetrieveWindowContent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:description</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@string/auto_service_des"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:notificationTimeout</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:packageNames</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.android.packageinstaller"</span>/></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
具体实现代码如下:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">InstallService</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AccessibilityService</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAccessibilityEvent</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"InstallService"</span>, event.toString()); checkInstall(event); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">checkInstall</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { AccessibilityNodeInfo source = event.getSource(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (source != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> installPage = event.getPackageName().equals(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.android.packageinstaller"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (installPage) { installAPK(event); } } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@TargetApi</span>(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">installAPK</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { AccessibilityNodeInfo source = getRootInActiveWindow(); List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> nextInfos = source.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"下一步"</span>); nextClick(nextInfos); List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> installInfos = source.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"安装"</span>); nextClick(installInfos); List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> openInfos = source.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"打开"</span>); nextClick(openInfos); runInBack(event); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">runInBack</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { event.getSource().performAction(AccessibilityService.GLOBAL_ACTION_BACK); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">nextClick</span>(List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> infos) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (infos != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (AccessibilityNodeInfo info : infos) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (info.isEnabled() && info.isClickable()) info.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK); } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@TargetApi</span>(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">checkTilte</span>(AccessibilityNodeInfo source) { List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> infos = getRootInActiveWindow().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@id/app_name"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo : infos) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (nodeInfo.getClassName().equals(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.widget.TextView"</span>)) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>; } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onInterrupt</span>() { } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onServiceConnected</span>() { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"InstallService"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"auto install apk"</span>); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li></ul>
3. 检测前台服务:
在很多情况下,我们需要检测自己的app是不是处在前台,借助该服务同样也能够完成该检测操作.下面,我们就演示一下如何实现:
AccessibilityService配置如下:
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">accessibility-service</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityEventTypes</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"typeWindowStateChanged"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFeedbackType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"feedbackGeneric"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:accessibilityFlags</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"flagDefault"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:canRetrieveWindowContent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:description</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@string/auto_detection"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:notificationTimeout</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
具体实现代码如下:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">DetectionService</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AccessibilityService</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">volatile</span> String foregroundPackageName = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"error"</span>; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 检测是否是前台服务 * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> packagenName *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @return</span> */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">isForeground</span>(String packagenName) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> foregroundPackageName.equals(packagenName); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAccessibilityEvent</span>(AccessibilityEvent event) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (event.getEventType() == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED) { foregroundPackageName = event.getPackageName().toString(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onInterrupt</span>() { } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul>
在使用时,需要引导用户开启该服务,之后通过调用DetectionService.isForeground()即可.
4. 窃取信息
上面的所有示例演示的都是AccessibilityService在具体应用中发挥的良好作用.但是该服务也存在一定的风险,很多人利用该服务做一些”坏事”,比如窃取短信验证码,窃取短信内容,想要看看自己女朋友最近在和谁聊QQ,偷偷安装流氓软件等.
上面我们了解微信抢红包插件的原理,那么利用该AccessibilityService编写相应的反抢红包插件:通过模拟微信红包的通知信息,发送虚假的事件通知.不出意外,我们编写的反抢红包插件会让失眠绝大多数的抢红包插件.这里我就不做深入的解释,有兴趣的同学可以自行研究.
你现在是不是想能否借助该服务直接获取一些app的密码呢?凡是EditText中设置inputType为password类型的,都无法获取其输入值.除此之外,大多数软件都针对该中风险做了提前的防范.因此,你想要借助该服务来实现窃取密码还是比较有难度的,所以,少年觉悟吧.
总结
暂时先到这里,后面再补充其他的吧.其实该服务能做的事情远不止这些,比如也可以通过该服务获取微信公众号的key,进而爬去文章阅读数,进行UI自动化测试等.