c++ Primer Plus（第六版）第十七章习题，写代码之路

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.1)

//编写一个程序计算$之前的字符数，并且把它留在输入流中
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Enter a text,report the number(end with $):\n";
	int count=0;
	char r;
	while (cin.peek()!='$')			//peek方法查看下一个字符
	{
			cin.get(r);					//用<<读取会跳过空格
		if (r != '$')
		{
			cout << r;
			count++;
		}
	}
	char next;
	cin >> next;
	cout << "\nThe number of character is: " << count << endl;
	cout << "And the next character is: " << next << endl;
	return 0;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.2)

//将键盘输入弄到文件里面，直到模拟的文件结尾
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	using namespace std;
	if (argc != 2)
	{
		cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " filename[s]\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	ofstream fin;
	fin.open(argv[1]);			//这是命令行的第二个参数
	if (!fin.is_open())			
	{
		cerr << "Could not open " << argv[0] << "\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	cout << "Give me something you want add to the file(<CTRL>+<Z>+<ENTER> to end): ";
	string  ch;
	while (cin.fail()==false)	//这里是用输入流的方法来检查文件结尾
	{
		getline(cin, ch);
		cout << ch;
		fin << ch;
	}
	cout << "Input complete!\n";
	fin.close();
	return 0;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.3)

//和上一题差不多，不过是将一个文件的内容复制到另一个文件
//也是用命令行来指定文件的参数
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	using namespace std;
	if (argc != 3)
	{
		cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " resource filename[s] target[s]\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	ofstream fin;
	fin.open(argv[2]);			//这是命令行的第二个参数
	if (!fin.is_open())
	{
		cerr << "Could not open " << argv[0] << "\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	ifstream fou;
	fou.open(argv[1]);
	if (!fou.is_open())
	{
		cerr << "Could not open " << argv[0] << "\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	char c;
	while (fou.get(c))
	{
		cout << c;
		fin.put(c);		//逐字符读取和写入
	}
	cout << "\nCopy complete!\n";	
	//程序出现一个问题，就是会把源文件最后的字符写入两下到目标文件中
	fou.close();
	fin.close();
	return 0;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.4)

//三个文件的输入输出，对文件进行拼接，并写入到第三个文件中
//这个程序是让用户给出两个文件的内容，然后程序显示拼接后的结果
//输出文件有个小小的空格，这个问题很小，可是我不知道
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	ofstream fin;
	cout << "This program is connect two file content to another file.\n";
	cout << "Enter the frist filename: ";
	string filename;
	getline(cin, filename);
	fin.open(filename.c_str());
	cout << "Now,give me something to the frist resource file:\n";
	string file;
	while (cin.fail() == false)		//检查文件尾
	{
		getline(cin, file);
		fin<<file << endl;
	}
	fin.close();
	cin.clear();
	cout << "Enter the second filename: ";
	string filename2;
	getline(cin, filename2);
	fin.open(filename2.c_str());
	cout << "Now,give me someing to the second resource file:\n";
	while (cin.fail() == false)
	{
		getline(cin, file);
		fin<<file << endl;
	}
	fin.close();
	cin.clear();
	cout << "Enter the target filename: ";
	string target;
	getline(cin, target);
	fin.open(target.c_str());
	ifstream fou,fou2;
	fou.open(filename);
	fou2.open(filename2);
	if (!fou.is_open()||!fou2.is_open())
		{
			cerr << "Could not open the source!"<<filename<<endl<<filename2<< "\n";
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
	string file2;
	while (!fou.eof()&&!fou2.eof())
	{
		getline(fou, file);
		getline(fou2, file2);
		fin << file + ' ' + file2 << endl;
		cout<< file + ' ' + file2 << endl;
	}
	while (!fou.eof())
	{
		getline(fou, file);
		fin << file << endl;
		cout << file << endl;
	}
	while (!fou2.eof())
	{
		getline(fou2, file);
		fin << file << endl;
		cout << file << endl;
	}
	fou.close();
	fou2.close();
	fin.close();
	return 0;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.5)

//这题和16章的差不多，不过是在文件里面读取名字到容器里面
//所以自己准备好名字，容器这里有
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#include<set>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iterator>				//迭代器的头文件
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	ostream_iterator<string, char>out(cout, "\n");			//输出迭代器
	ifstream fin;
	char filename[10];
	set<string>fresource;
	char temp[10];
	string file;
	cout << "Enter the Mat friends filename: ";
	cin.getline(filename, 10);
	fin.open(filename);
	if (!fin.is_open())
	{
		cerr << "Cant open the file " << filename << endl;
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	while (!fin.eof())
	{
		fin.getline(temp,10);
		fresource.insert(temp);			//用插入元素的方法
		cout << temp<<endl;
	}
	fin.close();
	cout << "Enter the Pat friends filename: ";
	cin.getline(filename, 10);
	fin.open(filename);
	if (!fin.is_open())
	{
		cerr << "Cant open the file " << filename << endl;
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	set<string>fresource2;			//建立第二个容器
	while (!fin.eof())
	{
		fin.getline(temp, 10);
		fresource2.insert(temp);
		cout << temp << endl;
	}
	fin.close();
	cout << "Enter the Target filename: ";
	cin.getline(filename, 10);
	ofstream fou;
	fou.open(filename);
	set<string>target;						//还是书上的老方法，用一个匿名的插入迭代器
	set_union(fresource.begin(), fresource.end(), fresource2.begin(), fresource2.end(),
		insert_iterator<set<string>>(target, target.begin()));
	cout << "Friends they have:\n";
	copy(target.begin(), target.end(), out);
	ostream_iterator<string, char>fileout(fou, "\n");			//输出到文件迭代器,自己起名的
	copy(target.begin(), target.end(), fileout);
	fou.close();
	return 0;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.6)

//第十七章的17.6题，跟前面14.5的相似，不过是添加了一点东西
//书上提供了解决方案，添加数据到文件中，保存读写数据的方法
//对了，书上的getall（）方法个人觉得是要带参数的
//这题打出来之后出现已有主体C2084错误,原因是该函数重定义了
//去掉之后出现错误LNK2001，又是这个类设计很常见，起码是我这里很常见的
//主要是无法识别的外部命令,
//错误原因：empoyee的虚函数没有定义
//我的文件读取方式是
/*0Trip
Harris
Thumper*/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"fileemp.h"
const int MAX = 10;
void showClassType();
int main(void)
{
	abstr_emp *pc[MAX];					//不可以创建抽象类型的数组，但是可以创建指针
	cout << "This program show the file of class Empoyee,input the data name to continue.\n";
	cout << "Enter the target file:";
	char filename[MAX];
	cin.getline(filename, MAX);
	ifstream fin;
	fin.open(filename);
	if (!fin.is_open())
	{
		cerr << "Sorry ,can't open " << filename << endl;
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	char ch;
	int i = 0;
	int classtype;
	while (fin >> classtype)
	{
		switch (classtype)
		{
		case Employee:pc[i] = new employee; break;
		case Manager:pc[i] = new manager; break;
		case Fink:pc[i] = new fink; break;
		case Highfink:pc[i] = new highfink; break;
		}
		pc[i]->getall(fin);
		pc[i]->ShowAll();
		i++;
	}
	fin.close();
	ofstream fou;
	fou.open(filename, ios_base::out | ios_base::app);	//追加模式打开文件
	int idex=0;
	showClassType();
	while (cin >> ch&&ch != 'q'&&idex < MAX)
	{
		cin.get();
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'a':pc[idex]= new employee;
			pc[idex]->SetAll();
			break;
		case 'b':pc[idex] = new manager;
			pc[idex]->SetAll(); break;
		case 'c':pc[idex] = new fink;
			pc[idex]->SetAll(); break;
		case 'd':pc[idex] = new highfink;
			pc[idex]->SetAll(); break;
		default:cout << "Error type!\n"; break;
		}
		idex++;
		showClassType();
	}
	for (i = 0; i < idex; i++)
		pc[i]->writeall(fou);
	fou.close();
	fin.clear();
	fin.open(filename);
	cout << "Here is the redice file:\n";
	while ((fin >> classtype).get(ch))
	{
		switch (classtype)
		{
		case Employee:pc[i] = new employee; break;
		case Manager:pc[i] = new manager; break;
		case Fink:pc[i] = new fink; break;
		case Highfink:pc[i] = new highfink; break;
		}
		pc[i]->getall(fin);
		pc[i]->ShowAll();
		i++;
	}
	fin.close();
	cout << "Bye!\n";
	return 0;
}
void showClassType()
{
	cout << "What class type do you want to creat:\n "
		"a)Employee  b)Manage  c)Fink  d)Highfink  q)quit\n";
}

#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
//本文件为utf-8编码格式
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
//本文件为utf-8编码格式
//这个头文件属于14.5题书上提供的多态继承头文件的修改版，输出数据到文件，
//可以按照书上的方法进行修改
#ifndef FILEEMP_H
#define FILEEMP_H
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
using std::string;
using namespace std;
enum classkin { Employee, Manager, Fink, Highfink };
class abstr_emp
{
private:
	string fname;
	string lname;
	string job;
public:
	abstr_emp() :fname("No name"), lname("no name "), job("no job") {};
	abstr_emp(const string&fn, const string&ln, const string &j) :fname(fn)
		, lname(ln), job(j) {};
	virtual void ShowAll()const;
	virtual void SetAll();
	virtual void writeall(ofstream &fo);		//写入到文件的虚函数，又是这里出现无法识别的外部命令
	virtual void getall(ifstream &fi);			//从文件中读取的虚函数
	friend std::ostream&operator<<(std::ostream &os, const abstr_emp&e);
	virtual ~abstr_emp() = 0 {};//这里少了{}会报错，链接错误一大堆
};
class employee :public abstr_emp
{
public:
	employee(const string &fn, const string&ln, const string&j) :abstr_emp(fn, ln, j) {};
	employee() :abstr_emp() {};
	virtual void ShowAll()const { abstr_emp::ShowAll(); };
	virtual void SetAll() { abstr_emp::SetAll(); };
	void writeall(std::ofstream &fo);		//写入到文件的虚函数
	 void getall(std::ifstream &fi);			//从文件中读取的虚函数
};
class manager :virtual public abstr_emp
{
public:
	manager() :abstr_emp(), inchargeof(0) {};
	manager(const string &fn, const string &ln,
		const string &j, int ico = 0) :abstr_emp(fn, ln, j), inchargeof(ico) {};
	manager(const abstr_emp&e, int ico) :abstr_emp(e), inchargeof(ico) {};
	manager(const manager&m);
	virtual void ShowAll()const;
	virtual void SetAll();
	 void writeall(std::ofstream &fo);		//写入到文件的虚函数
	 void getall(std::ifstream &fi);			//从文件中读取的虚函数
protected:
	int InChargeOf()const { return inchargeof; }	//outut method
	int &InChargeOf() { return inchargeof; }		//input method
	void FileChangeOf(std::ofstream &fou)const { fou << inchargeof << "\t"; }
	void FileChangeOf(std::ifstream&fin) { fin >> inchargeof; }
private:
	int inchargeof;
};

class fink :virtual public abstr_emp
{
private:
	string reportsto;
protected:
	const string ReportsTo()const { return reportsto; }
	string &ReportsTo() { return reportsto; }
	void FileReportsTo(std::ofstream &fou) {fou << reportsto;}
	void FileReportsTo(std::ifstream&fin) { fin >> reportsto; }
public:
	fink() :abstr_emp(), reportsto("null") {};
	fink(const string &fn, const string &ln,
		const string &j, const string &rpo) :abstr_emp(fn, ln, j), reportsto(rpo) {};
	fink(const abstr_emp&e, const string &rpo) :abstr_emp(e), reportsto(rpo) {};
	fink(const fink&e);
	virtual void ShowAll()const;
	virtual void SetAll();
	 void writeall(std::ofstream &fo);		//写入到文件的虚函数
	 void getall(std::ifstream &fi);			//从文件中读取的虚函数
};
class highfink :public manager, public fink
{
public:
	highfink() {};				//显式调用基类构造函数
	highfink(const string &fn, const string &ln,
		const string &j, const string &rpo, int ico)
		:abstr_emp(fn, ln, j), fink(fn, ln, j, rpo), manager(fn, ln, j, ico) {};
	highfink(const abstr_emp&e, const string &rpo, int ico)
		:abstr_emp(e), fink(e, rpo), manager(e, ico) {};
	highfink(const fink &f, int ico)
		:abstr_emp(f), fink(f), manager(f, ico) {};
	highfink(const manager &m, const string &rpo)
		:abstr_emp(m), manager(m), fink(m, rpo) {};
	highfink(const highfink&h)
		:abstr_emp(h), manager(h), fink(h) {};
	virtual void ShowAll()const;
	virtual void SetAll();
	 void writeall(std::ofstream &fo);		//写入到文件的虚函数
	void getall(std::ifstream &fi);			//从文件中读取的虚函数
};
#endif // !EMP_H

#include"fileemp.h"

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::cin;
//abstr_emp methods

void abstr_emp::ShowAll()const
{
	cout <<"\t\t"<< lname << "," << fname << "\t"
		<< job;
}
//设置各成员的值
void abstr_emp::SetAll()
{
	cout << "Enter frist name: ";
	std::getline(cin, fname);
	cout << "Enter last name: ";
	std::getline(cin, lname);
	cout << "Job: ";
	std::getline(cin, job);
}
//写入数据到文件的方法
void abstr_emp::writeall(ofstream &fo)
{
	fo<<lname <<endl<< fname <<endl<<job<<endl;
}
void abstr_emp::getall(ifstream &fi)		//书上没有用参数，想想不太可能
{
	std::getline(fi, lname);
	std::getline(fi, fname);
	std::getline(fi, job);
}
//only display name
std::ostream&operator<<(std::ostream &os, const abstr_emp&e)
{
	os << "Name: " << e.lname << " , " << e.fname;
	return os;
}
//employee的类方法
void employee::writeall(std::ofstream &fo)
{
	fo << Employee;
	abstr_emp::writeall(fo);
}
void employee::getall(std::ifstream &fi)
{
	abstr_emp::getall(fi);
}
//manage methods
manager::manager(const manager&m) :abstr_emp(m)	//copy construction function
{
	inchargeof = m.inchargeof;
}

void manager::ShowAll()const
{
	cout << endl;
	abstr_emp::ShowAll();
	cout <<"\t"<< inchargeof;
}
void manager::SetAll()
{
	abstr_emp::SetAll();
	cout << "Enter the inchangeof count: ";
	cin >> inchargeof;
	while (cin.get() != '\n')
		continue;
}
void manager::writeall(std::ofstream &fou)
{
	fou << Manager;
	abstr_emp::writeall(fou);
	fou << inchargeof<<endl;
}
void manager::getall(std::ifstream &fin)
{
	abstr_emp::getall(fin);
	fin >> inchargeof;
}
//fink methods
fink::fink(const fink&e) :abstr_emp(e)
{
	reportsto = e.reportsto;
}

void fink::ShowAll()const
{
	cout << endl;
	abstr_emp::ShowAll();
	cout << "\t" << reportsto;
}

void fink::SetAll()
{
	cout << "Enter the reportsto: ";
	std::getline(cin, reportsto);
	while (cin.get() != '\n')
		continue;
}
void fink::writeall(std::ofstream &fou)
{
	fou << Fink;
	abstr_emp::writeall(fou);
	fou << reportsto<<endl;
}
void fink::getall(std::ifstream &fin)
{
	abstr_emp::getall(fin);
	std::getline(fin,reportsto);
}
//highlink methods
void highfink::ShowAll()const
{
	cout << endl;
	abstr_emp::ShowAll();		//使用直接基类的保护方法进行输出
	cout<<"\t"<< manager::InChargeOf();
	cout<<"\t" << fink::ReportsTo()<<endl;
}
void highfink::SetAll()
{
	abstr_emp::SetAll();
	string temp;				//这里要弄好一点，不然会设置基类两次，也可以自己
	int tem;
	cout << "Enter the inchangeof count: ";	//用的是书上那个保护方法，返回引用就可以対值修改
	cin >> tem;
	cin.get();		//处理换行符
	cout << "Enter the reportsto: ";
	std::getline(cin, temp);
	ReportsTo() = temp;
	InChargeOf() = tem;
}
void highfink::writeall(std::ofstream &fou)
{
	fou << Highfink;
	abstr_emp::writeall(fou);
	manager::FileChangeOf(fou);
	fink::FileReportsTo(fou);
}
void highfink::getall(std::ifstream &fin)
{
	abstr_emp::getall(fin);
	manager::FileChangeOf(fin);
	fink::FileReportsTo(fin);
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题17.7)

//大大的填空题
//参考了别人的，才发现自己理解错了
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<iterator>
void ShowStr(const std::string&s) { std::cout << s << std::endl; }
void GetStrs(std::ifstream&fi, std::vector<std::string>&s);
class Store
{
private:
	std::ofstream&fou;
public:
	Store(std::ofstream&os) :fou(os) {};
	void operator()(const std::string&s)
	{
		size_t len = s.size();				//size的返回类型,len存储字符串的长度
		fou.write((char*)&len, sizeof(std::size_t));	//先存储长度，书上的用意很明显
		//这样写是先把字符串的长度len长度信息复制到相关联的文件中
		fou.write(s.data(), len);
		//这里是指定字符串的字符数，把字字符串不包括'\0'写入文件
	}
};
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	vector<string>vostr;
	string temp;
	cout << "Enter strings(empty line to quit):\n";
	while (getline(cin, temp) && temp[0] != '\0')
		vostr.push_back(temp);
	cout << "Here is your input.\n";
	for_each(vostr.begin(), vostr.end(), ShowStr);
	ofstream fout("string.dat", ios_base::out | ios_base::binary);
	for_each(vostr.begin(), vostr.end(), Store(fout));
	fout.close();
	vector<string>vistr;
	ifstream fin("string.dat", ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);
	if (!fin.is_open())
		{
		cerr << "Could not open file for input.\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
	GetStrs(fin, vistr);
	cout << "\nHere are the strings read from the file:\n";
	for_each(vostr.begin(), vostr.end(), ShowStr);
	return 0;
}
void GetStrs(std::ifstream&fi, std::vector<std::string>&ve)
{
	size_t len;		//使用read来获取长度，这个方法很赞
	while (fi.read((char *)&len, sizeof(size_t)))
	{	//这里要知道循环条件就是字符数
		char *st = new char[len];
		fi.read(st, len);
		//len按我的理解就是每个字符所占据的二进制位数
		st[len + 1] = '\0';
		//由于没有存储空字符，所以这里人为加
		ve.push_back(st);
	}

}