C/C++中判断某一文件或目录是否存在

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C/C++中判断某一文件或目录是否存在

 

1.C++很简单的一种办法：

#include  < iostream >
#include  < fstream >
using   namespace  std;
#define  FILENAME "stat.dat"
int  main()
{
     fstream _file;
     _file.open(FILENAME,ios:: in );
      if ( ! _file)
     {
         cout << FILENAME << " 没有被创建 " ;
      }
       else
      {
          cout << FILENAME << " 已经存在 " ;
      }
       return   0 ;
}

 

2.利用 c 语言的库的办法：

函数名: access
功  能: 确定文件的访问权限
用  法: int access(const char *filename, int amode);
以前一直没用过这个函数,今天调试程序发现了这个函数,感觉挺好用,尤其是判断一个文件或文件夹是否存在的时候,用不着再find了,文件的话还可以检测读写权限,文件夹的话则只能判断是否存在,下面摘自MSDN：

int _access( const char *path, int mode );

Return Value

Each of these functions returns 0 if the file has the given mode. The function returns –1 if the named file does not exist or is not accessible in the given mode; in this case, errno is set as follows:

EACCES

Access denied: file’s permission setting does not allow specified access.

ENOENT

Filename or path not found.

Parameters

path

File or directory path

mode

Permission setting

Remarks

When used with files, the _access function determines whether the specified file exists and can be accessed as specified by the value of mode. When used with directories, _access determines only whether the specified directory exists; in Windows NT, all directories have read and write access.

mode Value            Checks File For
00                              Existence only
02                              Write permission
04                              Read permission
06                              Read and write permission

Example

    
    

     
     

      
      /*
      
       ACCESS.C: This example uses _access to check the
 * file named "ACCESS.C" to see if it exists and if
 * writing is allowed.
 
      
      */
      
      

#include  
      
      <
      
      io.h
      
      >
      
      
#include  
      
      <
      
      stdio.h
      
      >
      
      
#include  
      
      <
      
      stdlib.h
      
      >
      
      


      
      void
      
       main( 
      
      void
      
       )
{
   
      
      /*
      
       Check for existence 
      
      */
      
      
   
      
      if
      
      ( (_access( 
      
      "
      
      ACCESS.C
      
      "
      
      , 
      
      0
      
       )) 
      
      !=
      
       
      
      -
      
      1
      
       )
   {
      printf( 
      
      "
      
      File ACCESS.C exists 
      
      "
      
       );
      
      
      /*
      
       Check for write permission 
      
      */
      
      
      
      
      if
      
      ( (_access( 
      
      "
      
      ACCESS.C
      
      "
      
      , 
      
      2
      
       )) 
      
      !=
      
       
      
      -
      
      1
      
       )
         printf( 
      
      "
      
      File ACCESS.C has write permission 
      
      "
      
       );
   }
}

     
     
    
    

Output

File ACCESS.C existsFile ACCESS.C has write permission

 

3.在windows平台下用API函数FindFirstFile(...):

(1)检查文件是否存在:

#define  _WIN32_WINNT 0x0400

#include  " windows.h "

int
main( int  argc,  char   * argv[])
{
  WIN32_FIND_DATA FindFileData;
  HANDLE hFind;

  printf ( " Target file is %s. " , argv[ 1 ]);

  hFind  =  FindFirstFile(argv[ 1 ],  & FindFileData);

   if  (hFind  ==  INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
    printf ( " Invalid File Handle. Get Last Error reports %d " , GetLastError ());
  }  else  {
    printf ( " The first file found is %s " , FindFileData.cFileName);
    FindClose(hFind);
  }

   return  ( 0 );
}

 

(2)检查某一目录是否存在：

 

 

/// 目录是否存在的检查：
bool   CheckFolderExist( const   string   & strPath)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATA  wfd;
     bool  rValue  =   false ;
    HANDLE hFind  =  FindFirstFile(strPath.c_str(),  & wfd);
     if  ((hFind  !=  INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)  &&  (wfd.dwFileAttributes  &  FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
    {
        rValue  =   true ;   
    }
    FindClose(hFind);
     return  rValue;
}

4.使用boost的filesystem类库的exists函数

#include  < boost / filesystem / operations.hpp >
#include  < boost / filesystem / path.hpp >
#include  < boost / filesystem / convenience.hpp >

int  GetFilePath(std:: string   & strFilePath)
{
     string  strPath;
     int  nRes  =   0 ;

     // 指定路径            
    strPath  =   " D:/myTest/Test1/Test2 " ;
     namespace  fs  =  boost::filesystem;

     // 路径的可移植
    fs::path full_path( fs::initial_path() );
    full_path  =  fs::system_complete( fs::path(strPath, fs::native ) );
     // 判断各级子目录是否存在，不存在则需要创建
     if  (  ! fs::exists( full_path ) )
    {
         //  创建多层子目录
         bool  bRet  =  fs::create_directories(full_path);
         if  ( false   ==  bRet)
        {
             return   - 1 ;
        }

    }
    strFilePath  =  full_path.native_directory_string();

     return   0 ;
}