C++中判断某一文件或目录是否存在

C++中判断某一文件或目录是否存在

方法1. C++中较简单方法（使用文件流打开文件）

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream>

 

using namespace std;

 

#define FILENAME "*.dat"  // 指定文件名

 

int main( void )

{

     fstream _file;

     _file.open(FILENAME, ios::in);

     if(!_file)

     {

          cout<<FILENAME<<"没有被创建!"<<endl;

     }

     else

     {

          cout<<FILENAME<<"已经存在!"<<endl;

     }

 

     cin.get();

     return 0;

}

方法2. 利用C语言库函数（_access）

函数原型：

int _access( const char *path,  int mode ）

函数参数：

path：文件路径。

mode：读写属性。

返回值（MSDN）：

Each of these functions returns 0 if the file has the given mode. The function returns –1 if the named file does not exist or is not accessible in the given mode; in this case, errno is set as follows:

EACCES  Access denied: file’s permission setting does not allow specified access.

ENOENT  Filename or path not found.

EINVAL   Invalid parameter.

函数功能（MSDN）：

When used with files, the _access function determines whether the specified file exists and can be accessed as specified by the value of mode（见下图表）. When used with directories, _access determines only whether the specified directory exists; in Windows NT, all directories have read and write access.

/* ACCESS.C: This example uses _access to check the

 * file named "ACCESS.C" to see if it exists and if

 * writing is allowed.

 */

 

#include  <io.h>

#include  <stdio.h>

#include  <stdlib.h>

 

void main( void )

{

   /* Check for existence */

   if( (_access( "ACCESS.C", 0 )) != -1 )

   {

      printf( "File ACCESS.C exists " );

      /* Check for write permission */

      if( (_access( "ACCESS.C", 2 )) != -1 )

         printf( "File ACCESS.C has write permission " );

   }

}

 

输出：

>>File ACCESS.C exists.

>>File ACCESS.C has write permission

方法3. 使用Windows API函数FindFirstFile(...)

(1) 检查某一文件是否存在：

#include "windows.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

      WIN32_FIND_DATA  FindFileData;

      HANDLE hFind;

      printf ("Target file is %s. ", argv[1]);

      hFind = FindFirstFile(argv[1], &FindFileData);

      if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

      {

           printf ("Invalid File Handle. Get Last Error reports %d ", GetLastError ());

      }

      else

      {

           printf ("The first file found is %s ", FindFileData.cFileName);

           FindClose(hFind);

      }

      return  0;

}

(2) 检查某一目录是否存在：

// 目录是否存在的检查：

BOOL CheckFolderExist(const string &strPath)

{

    WIN32_FIND_DATA  FindFileData;

    BOOL bValue = false;

    HANDLE hFind = FindFirstFile(strPath.c_str(),  &FindFileData);

    if ((hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && (wfd.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))

    {

        bValue = TRUE; 

    }

    FindClose(hFind);

    return bValue;

}

方法4. 使用boost库中filesystem类库的exists函数

#include <boost/filesystem/operations.hpp>

#include <boost/filesystem/path.hpp>

#include <boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp>

 

using namespace boost::filesystem;

 

int GetFilePath(std::string &strFilePath)

{

    string strPath;

    int nRes = 0;

    //指定路径          

    strPath = "C:\";

    path full_path( initial_path() );

    full_path = system_complete( path(strPath, native ) );

    //判断各级子目录是否存在，不存在则需要创建

    if ( !exists( full_path ) )

    {

        bool bRet = create_directories(full_path);

        if (false == bRet)

        {

            return -1;

        }

    }

    strFilePath  =  full_path.native_directory_string();

    return 0;

}