libdwarf的使用

这篇博客详细介绍了如何使用libdwarf库,通过实例展示了其在处理编译、结构体、头文件和文档信息等方面的应用。
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       例子来源于libdwarf的发布版本,可以参考例子前面的版权声明。我加了部分注释(原有注释用/**/,我加的注释用//).

/*
  Copyright (c) 2009-2010 David Anderson.  All rights reserved.
 
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  * Neither the name of the example nor the
    names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 
  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY David Anderson ''AS IS'' AND ANY
  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
  WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL David Anderson BE LIABLE FOR ANY
  DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
  (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
  LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
  ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
  SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
*/
/*  simplereader.c
    This is an example of code reading dwarf .debug_info.
    It is kept as simple as possible to expose essential features.
    It does not do all possible error reporting or error handling.

    The --names 
    option adds some extra printing.

    To use, try
        make
        ./simplereader simplereader
*/
#include <sys/types.h> /* For open() */
#include <sys/stat.h>  /* For open() */
#include <fcntl.h>     /* For open() */
#include <stdlib.h>     /* For exit() */
#include <unistd.h>     /* For close() */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "dwarf.h"
#include "libdwarf.h"

struct srcfilesdata {
    char ** srcfiles;
    Dwarf_Signed srcfilescount;
    int srcfilesres;
};

static void read_cu_list(Dwarf_Debug dbg);
static void print_die_data(Dwarf_Debug dbg, Dwarf_Die print_me,int level,
   struct srcfilesdata *sf);
static void get_die_and_siblings(Dwarf_Debug dbg, Dwarf_Die in_die,int in_level,
   struct srcfilesdata *sf);
static void resetsrcfiles(Dwarf_Debug dbg,struct srcfilesdata *sf);

static int namesoptionon = 0;

int 
main(int argc, char **argv)
{

    Dwarf_Debug dbg = 0;
    int fd = -1;
    const char *filepath = "
Libdwarf是一个开源的C库,用于解析ELF(Executable and Linkable Format)文件。通过使用Libdwarf,您可以提取ELF文件的各个部分,包括符号表、调试信息和源代码。 下面是使用Libdwarf解析ELF的一般步骤: 1. 打开ELF文件:使用dwarf_init()函数打开ELF文件,该函数接受ELF文件的文件描述符作为参数,并返回一个代表ELF文件的Dwarf_Debug结构。 2. 初始化DWARF信息:使用dwarf_elf_init()函数初始化DWARF信息,在打开的ELF文件上,此函数将检索DWARF相关的头部和节区。 3. 定位编译单元:使用dwarf_get_cu_die()函数获取第一个编译单元(DIE)的指针。编译单元是DWARF的基本单位,包含了一段源代码的调试信息。 4. 遍历DIE树:使用dwarf_siblingof()函数遍历所有的编译单元。利用DIE树的结构,您可以获取函数、变量、类型等的调试信息。 5. 解析调试信息:使用dwarf_diename()函数获取DIE的名称,使用dwarf_tag()函数获取DIE的标签。对于具有调试信息的不同DIE类型,您可以使用不同的dwarf_*函数来获取更详细的信息。 6. 关闭ELF文件:完成解析后,使用dwarf_finish()函数关闭ELF文件。 在使用Libdwarf解析ELF文件时,还需要了解DWARF调试信息的结构和格式。DWARF调试信息是以节区的形式存储在ELF文件中,它包含了源代码的行号、变量和函数的调试信息等。 总之,使用Libdwarf解析ELF文件需要使用该库提供的函数来打开ELF文件、定位编译单元、遍历DIE树以及解析调试信息,以获取所需的调试信息。希望这些步骤能帮助您理解如何使用Libdwarf进行ELF解析。
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