ant脚本使用multidex解决65536问题

现在的android项目应该大多都用gradle构建了吧，但是仍然有很多老项目使用的ant工具，这里并不推荐使用ant构建，因为最新的android sdk tools里边已经去掉了ant相关的lib包。不管gradle也好，ant也好，其实编译打包apk的过程基本都是一样的。

我遇到的这个项目，经历了两次方案的调整。

方案一：

最开始并没用dx的multidex参数，而是将所有的第三方jar包（应用启动时用的除外）打到从包中去，从包可以是多个，剩下的源码打到主包中，也就是分别调用dx打出dex包。

<macrodef name="dex-helper">
        <element name="external-libs" optional="yes" />
        <attribute name="nolocals" default="false" />
        <sequential>
            <!-- sets the primary input for dex. If a pre-dex task sets it to
                 something else this has no effect -->
            <property name="out.dex.input.absolute.dir" value="${out.classes.absolute.dir}" />

            <!-- set the secondary dx input: the project (and library) jar files
                 If a pre-dex task sets it to something else this has no effect -->
            <if>
                <condition>
                    <isreference refid="out.dex.jar.input.ref" />
                </condition>
                <else>
                    <path id="out.dex.jar.input.ref">
                        <path refid="project.all.jars.path" />
                    </path>
                </else>
            </if>
            <echo>Converting external libraries into ${assets}/${dex}...</echo>
	    <delete file="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug.jar"/>
	    <delete file="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug2.jar"/>
	    <if condition="${proguard.enabled}">
            	<then>
            	    <separete 
            	        inputjar="${out.dex.input.absolute.dir}"
            	        mapping="${obfuscate.absolute.dir}/mapping.txt"
            	        alljarpath="project.all.jars.path"
			plugjarconfig="${plug.jar.config}"
			plugjarconfig2="${plug.jar.config2}"
			plugjarpath="project.plug.path"
			plugjarpath2="project.plug.path2"
			projectjarpath="project.core.path"/>
            	    <path id="project.dex.core.path">
                        <path refid="project.core.path" />
                    </path>
                </then>
            	<else>
            		<filterlib 

				alljarpath="project.all.jars.path"
			   	plugjarconfig="${plug.jar.config}"
			   	plugjarconfig2="${plug.jar.config2}"
			    	plugjarpath="project.plug.path"
			    	plugjarpath2="project.plug.path2"
			    	projectjarpath="project.core.path"/>
                     	<path id="project.dex.core.path">
                         <path path="${out.dex.input.absolute.dir}"/>
	              		 <path refid="project.core.path" />
                   	 </path>
                </else>
	   </if>

            <dex executable="${dx}"
                    output="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug.jar"
                  	dexedlibs="${out.dexed.absolute.dir}"
                    nolocals="@{nolocals}"
                    forceJumbo="${dex.force.jumbo}"
                    disableDexMerger="${dex.disable.merger}"
                    verbose="${verbose}">
                <path refid="project.plug.path" />
            </dex>
            <dex executable="${dx}"
                    output="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug2.jar"
                  	dexedlibs="${out.dexed.absolute.dir}"
                    nolocals="@{nolocals}"
                    forceJumbo="${dex.force.jumbo}"
                    disableDexMerger="${dex.disable.merger}"
                    verbose="${verbose}">
                <path refid="project.plug.path2" />
            </dex>
            <delete file="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug.jar.d"/>
            <delete file="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug2.jar.d"/>
	    <checksum file="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug.jar" forceOverwrite="yes"/>
	    <checksum file="${asset.absolute.dir}\plug2.jar" forceOverwrite="yes"/>
	    <dex executable="${dx}"
                    output="${intermediate.dex.file}"
                    dexedlibs="${out.dexed.absolute.dir}"
                    nolocals="@{nolocals}"
                    forceJumbo="${dex.force.jumbo}"
                    disableDexMerger="${dex.disable.merger}"
                    verbose="${verbose}">
	              <path refid="project.dex.core.path" />
                <external-libs />
            </dex>
            
        </sequential>
    </macrodef>

其中separete和filterlib是两个自定义的task，作用都是从project.all.jars.path中过滤出事先定义好的第三方jar包的path，区别是separete是在代码经过混淆后执行，将混淆后的代码生成plug.jar，可以看到调用了三次dex。

代码中加载从包的方法：

	PathClassLoader pathClassLoader = (PathClassLoader) app.getClassLoader();
	DexClassLoader dexClassLoader = new DexClassLoader(libPath, app.getDir("dex", 0).getAbsolutePath(), libPath, app.getClassLoader());
	InjectResult result = null;
	try {
		Object dexElements = combineArray(getDexElements(getPathList(pathClassLoader)), getDexElements(getPathList(dexClassLoader)));
		Object pathList = getPathList(pathClassLoader);
		setField(pathList, pathList.getClass(), "dexElements", dexElements);
	} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
		result = makeInjectResult(false, e);
		e.printStackTrace();
	}

DexClassLoader加载从包dex，然后将pathClassLoader与dexClassLoader中的DexPathList的dexElements属性值合并，再放到pathClassLoader中的DexPathList中。最开始方案一是满足需求的，但随着主包越来越大，终于还是65536了，这种只分出去第三方jar包的做法还是不太灵活，于是有了方案二。

方案二：

使用dx的multidex参数，指定maindexlist清单文件，在这个清单文件中的类会打到主包中，清单文件的生成可以使用build-tools下的mainDexClasses脚本生成。

 <macrodef name="dex-helper" >
		<element name="external-libs" optional="yes" />
        <attribute name="nolocals" default="false" />
        <sequential>
            <!-- sets the primary input for dex. If a pre-dex task sets it to
                 something else this has no effect -->
            <property name="out.dex.input.absolute.dir" value="${out.classes.absolute.dir}" />
			 <if>
                <condition>
                    <isreference refid="out.dex.jar.input.ref" />
                </condition>
                <else>
                    <path id="out.dex.jar.input.ref">
                        <path refid="project.all.jars.path" />
                    </path>
                </else>
            </if>
            <echo message="start dx ${maindexlist.dir}"/>
            <multidex executable="${dx}"
                    output="${out.dir}"
                    dexedlibs="${out.dexed.absolute.dir}"
                    nolocals="@{nolocals}"
                    forceJumbo="${dex.force.jumbo}"
                    disableDexMerger="${dex.disable.merger}"
                    multidex="true"
                    mainDexList="${maindexlist.dir}"
                    verbose="${verbose}">
	            <path path="${out.dex.input.absolute.dir}"/>  
                <path refid="out.dex.jar.input.ref" />  
                <external-libs />
            </multidex>
        </sequential>
    </macrodef>

<target name="-maindexlist" depends="-set-release-mode, -compile, -post-compile, -obfuscate">
        <property name="out.dex.input.absolute.dir" value="${out.classes.absolute.dir}" />

        <!-- set the secondary dx input: the project (and library) jar files
             If a pre-dex task sets it to something else this has no effect -->
        <if>
            <condition>
                <isreference refid="out.dex.jar.input.ref" />
            </condition>
            <else>
                <path id="out.dex.jar.input.ref">
                    <path refid="project.all.jars.path" />
                </path>
            </else>
        </if>
        <maindexlist output="build/maindexlist-proguard.txt"
                mainDexList="build/maindexlist.txt"
                mappingFile="${out.absolute.dir}/proguard/mapping.txt" >
            <path path="${out.dex.input.absolute.dir}"/>
            <path refid="out.dex.jar.input.ref" />
        </maindexlist>
    </target>

m ultidex和maindexlist也是两个自定义task，multidex其实就是调用的dx --dex --multi-dex --main-dex-list=maindexlist.txt  --minimal-main-dex --output bin --input-list,maindexlist task的作用是生成混淆后的主包清单文件。应用启动时代码原理和方案一差不多，也可以直接使用官方的android-surpport-multidex.jar包