通常情况下使用xml中的定义的控件是使用findViewById方法找到控件,当控件非常多的时候,使用这种方法找控件就不太好用了,这里我们使用注解的方式来实现。也就是所谓的控制反转。Java的spring容器使用了这种方式,不需要手动的new,由spring容器帮我们实例化。这种方法的好处不言而喻。控制反转的本质是api的控制权,手动创建对象控制权在程序员手里,而控制反转将控制权交到了spring容器。google给我们提供了api,控制权就在google的手里。这里我门自己定义的注解只是为了方便。
布局文件activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="button1" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn2"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="button2" />
</LinearLayout>
自定义注解ContentView.java(等价于SetContentView)
package com.zlb.ioc_test.ann;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ContentView
{
int value();
}
SetView.java(等价于findviewById)
package com.zlb.ioc_test.ann;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SetView
{
int value();
}
Viewhelper.java(助手类)
package com.zlb.ioc_test;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import com.zlb.ioc_test.ann.ContentView;
import com.zlb.ioc_test.ann.SetView;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.util.Log;
public class ViewHelper {
private static String content = "setContentView";
private static String view = "findViewById";
public static void init(Activity activity) {
init_ContentView(activity);//SetCotentVIew
init_View(activity);//findViewById
}
public static void init_ContentView(Activity activity) {
Class<? extends Activity> clazz = activity.getClass();
ContentView contentView = clazz.getAnnotation(ContentView.class);
if (contentView != null)// 存在
{
int contentViewLayoutId = contentView.value();
try {
Method method = clazz.getMethod(content, int.class);
method.setAccessible(true);
method.invoke(activity, contentViewLayoutId);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void init_View(Activity activity) {
Class<? extends Activity> clazz = activity.getClass();
Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
SetView viewInjectAnnotation = field.getAnnotation(SetView.class);
if (viewInjectAnnotation != null) {
int viewId = viewInjectAnnotation.value();
if (viewId != -1) {
try {
Method method = clazz.getMethod(view, int.class);
Object resView = method.invoke(activity, viewId);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(activity, resView);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
}
MainActivity.java
package com.zlb.ioc_test;
import com.zlb.ioc_test.ann.ContentView;
import com.zlb.ioc_test.ann.SetView;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
@ContentView(value = R.layout.activity_main)
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
@SetView(R.id.btn1)
private Button btn1;
@SetView(R.id.btn2)
private Button btn2;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
ViewHelper.init(this);
btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn1:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "button1 click", 1).show();
break;
case R.id.btn2:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "button2 click", 1).show();
break;
}
}
}
运行一下,和手动绑定效果是一样的。