一个Bean的定义包含很多配置信息,包括构造参数、属性值以及容器指定的信息,比如init-method
和静态工厂等等。
子bean的定义继承父bean定义的配置数据,子bean有必要的可以重写一些值或者增加其他值。
Spring Bean 定义的继承和Java 类继承没有关系,但是继承的概念是一致的。你可以定义一个父bean作为模版,其他子bean可以从父bean中继承需要的配置。
当你使用基于XML的配置,你可以通过parent属性指定一个bean的父bean
Example
HelloWorld.java
package com.soygrow;
public class HelloWorld {
private String message1;
private String message2;
public void setMessage1(String message) {
this.message1 = message;
}
public void getMessage1() {
System.out.println("Your Message : " + message1);
}
public void getMessage2() {
System.out.println("Your Message : " + message2);
}
public void setMessage2(String message) {
this.message2 = message;
}
}
HelloIndia.java
package com.soygrow;
public class HelloIndia {
private String message1;
private String message2;
private String message3;
public void getMessage1() {
System.out.println("India Message1 : " + message1);
}
public void getMessage2() {
System.out.println("India Message2 : " + message2);
}
public void getMessage3() {
System.out.println("India Message3 : " + message3);
}
public void setMessage1(String message1) {
this.message1 = message1;
}
public void setMessage2(String message2) {
this.message2 = message2;
}
public void setMessage3(String message3) {
this.message3 = message3;
}
}
MainApp.java
package com.soygrow;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
HelloWorld objA = (HelloWorld) context.getBean("helloWorld");
objA.getMessage1();
objA.getMessage2();
HelloIndia objB = (HelloIndia) context.getBean("helloIndia");
objB.getMessage1();
objB.getMessage2();
objB.getMessage3();
// 优雅的结束
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) context).close();
}
}
Beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="helloWorld" class="com.soygrow.HelloWorld">
<property name="message1" value="Hello World!"/>
<property name="message2" value="Hello Second World!"/>
</bean>
<bean id="helloIndia" class="com.soygrow.HelloIndia" parent="helloWorld">
<property name="message1" value="Hello India!"/>
<property name="message3" value="Namaste India!"/>
</bean>
</beans>
如果一切正常,运行的结果应该是:
Your Message : Hello World!
Your Message : Hello Second World!
India Message1 : Hello India!
India Message2 : Hello Second World!
India Message3 : Namaste India!
代码分析
可以看到HelloIndia并没有主动传如message2参数,该参数是从HelloWorld中继承的。通过parent属性。
Bean 定义模版
你可以创建一个Bean的模版,这样可以很容易的被其他Bean使用。当定义一个bean模版时,应该指定class属性并且指明abstract属性等于true
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id = "beanTeamplate" abstract = "true">
<property name = "message1" value = "Hello World!"/>
<property name = "message2" value = "Hello Second World!"/>
<property name = "message3" value = "Namaste India!"/>
</bean>
<bean id = "helloIndia" class = "com.tutorialspoint.HelloIndia" parent = "beanTeamplate">
<property name = "message1" value = "Hello India!"/>
<property name = "message3" value = "Namaste India!"/>
</bean>
</beans>
Spring教程专栏地址:http://blog.csdn.net/column/details/19452.html