创建一个user defaults方法有多个,最简单得快速创建方法:
NSUserDefaults *accountDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
添加数据到 user defaults:
[accountDefaults setObject:nameField.text forKey:UserDefaultNameKey];
也可以添加基本数据类型int, float, bool等,有相应得方法
[accountDefaults setBool:YES forKey:UserDefaultBoolKey];
从user defaults中获取数据:
[accountDefaults objectForKey:NCUserDefaultNameKey]
[accountDefaults boolForKey: UserDefaultBoolKey];
要点: NSUserDefaults非常好用,并不需要用户在程序中设置NSUserDefaults的全局变量,需要在哪里使用NSUserDefaults的数据,那么就在哪里创建一个NSUserDefaults对象,然后进行读或者写操作。
针对同一个关键字对应的对象或者数据,可以对它进行重写,重写之后关键字就对应新的对象或者数据,旧的对象或者数据会被自动清理。
以下是一个我自己写的例子,通过checkBtn按钮进行保存用户名和密码:
图片一:保存数据之前;或者上一次没有保存数据,第二次启动的界面
- (void)defaultCheck:(id)sender
{
NSLog(@" check按钮被按下 ");
NSUserDefaults *accountDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
if ([accountDefaults boolForKey:NCUserDefaultBoolForRegister] == NO)
{
((UIButton*)sender).selected = YES;
[accountDefaults setBool:YES forKey:NCUserDefaultBoolForRegister];
[accountDefaults setObject:nameField.text forKey:NCUserDefaultNameKey];
[accountDefaults setObject:pwdField.text forKey:NCUserDefaultPasswordKey];
}
else {//YES
((UIButton*)sender).selected = NO;
[accountDefaults setBool:NO forKey:NCUserDefaultBoolForRegister];
[accountDefaults setObject:nil forKey:NCUserDefaultNameKey];
[accountDefaults setObject:nil forKey:NCUserDefaultPasswordKey];
}
}
- (void)loadView {
[super loadView];
nameField = [[UITextField alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 30)];
pwdField = [[UITextField alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 30)];
[nameField setCenter:CGPointMake(160, 100)];
[pwdField setCenter:CGPointMake(160, 150)];
NSUserDefaults *accountDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
//存的是bool值一定要用boolForKey:获取
//如果之前已经保存了User Defaults,那么在读取的时候就要将数据读取出来,显示在用户名和密码框中(这里没有加密)。
if ([accountDefaults boolForKey:NCUserDefaultBoolForRegister] == YES) {
nameField.text = [accountDefaults objectForKey:NCUserDefaultNameKey];
pwdField.text = [accountDefaults objectForKey:NCUserDefaultPasswordKey];
}
else
{
[nameField setPlaceholder:@"用户名"];
[pwdField setPlaceholder:@"密码"];
}
nameField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleBezel;
[pwdField setBorderStyle:UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect];
[self.view addSubview:nameField];
[self.view addSubview:pwdField];
UIButton * loginBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
[loginBtn setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 30)];
[loginBtn setCenter:CGPointMake(200, 200)];
[loginBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(loginToWeiBo:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview:loginBtn];
UIButton * checkBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
[checkBtn setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)];
[checkBtn setCenter:CGPointMake(160, 180)];
//选中之后得图标
[checkBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"lock.png"] forState:(UIControlState)UIControlStateHighlighted];
[checkBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"lock.png"] forState:(UIControlState)UIControlStateSelected];
//未选中
[checkBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"unlock.png"] forState:(UIControlState)UIControlStateNormal];
[checkBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(defaultCheck:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
//用户名和密码已经保存
if([accountDefaults boolForKey:NCUserDefaultBoolForRegister] == YES)
{
[checkBtn setSelected:YES];
}
[self.view addSubview:Btn];
}
NSUserDefaults读取和写入自定义对象
NSUserDefaults可以存取一些短小的信息。
比如存入再读出一个字符串到NSUserDefaults:
NSString *string = [NSString stringWithString @"hahaha"];
NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
[ud setObject:string forKey:@"myKey"];
NSString *value;
value = [ud objectForKey:"myKey"];
但是并不是所有的东西都能往里放的。NSUserDefaults只支持: NSString, NSNumber, NSDate, NSArray, NSDictionary.
如果把一个自定义的类存到一个NSArray里,然后再存到NSUserDefaults里也是不能成功的。不信可以试试,如果你成功的请告诉我。
那怎么办呢?
我找到的方法是,让这个自定义类实现<NSCoding>协议中的- (id) initWithCoder: (NSCoder *)coder方法和- (void) encodeWithCoder: (NSCoder *)coder方法(obj-c的协议protocol就是java的接口interface,就是C++的纯虚函数),然后把该自定义的类对象编码到NSData中,再从NSUserDefaults中进行读取。
粘代码:
假设有这样一个简单的类对象
@interface BusinessCard : NSObject <NSCoding>{
NSString *_firstName;
NSString *_lastName;
}
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *_firstName;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *_lastName;
@end;
@implementation BusinessCard
@synthesize _firstName, _lastName;
- (void)dealloc{
[_firstName release];
[_lastName release];
[super dealloc];
}
- (id) initWithCoder: (NSCoder *)coder
{
if (self = [super init])
{
self._firstName = [coder decodeObjectForKey:@"_firstName"];
self._lastName = [coder decodeObjectForKey:@"_lastName"];
}
return self;
}
- (void) encodeWithCoder: (NSCoder *)coder
{
[coder encodeObject:_firstName forKey:@"_firstName"];
[coder encodeObject:_lastName forKey:@"_lastName"];
}
@end
然后再存取时通过NSData做载体:
BusinessCard *bc = [[BusinessCard alloc] init];
NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
NSData *udObject = [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:bc];
[ud setObject:udObject forKey:@"myBusinessCard"];
[bc release];
udObject = nil;
udObject = [ud objectForKey:@"myBusinessCard"];
bc = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:udObject] ;
以上的代码时由另一个程序中截取的,没有测试过,但意思就是这样了。
如果一个自定义类中由另一个自定义类对象,那么所有嵌套的类都要实现<NSCoding>。
NSUserDefaults *store = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
NSUInteger selectedIndex = 1;
[store setInteger:selectedIndex forKey:@"selectedIndex"];
if ([store valueForKey:@"selectedIndex"] != nil) {
NSInteger index = [store integerForKey:@"selectedIndex"];
NSLog(@"用户已经设置的selectedIndex的值是:%d", index);
} else {
NSLog(@"请设置默认的值");
}
一、NSUserDefaults数据存储的位置
NSUserDefaults用于保存iPhone程序的数据,使用非常方便。
那么这些数据最终存放在什么地方呢?存放于一个plist文件中。
这个文件位于<UUID for your App>\Library\Preferences\<your App"s bundle ID>.plist
二、支持存取的数据类型
NSUserDefaults只支持: NSString, NSNumber, NSDate, NSArray, NSDictionary.
三、取
例如:
- //读取和保存用户使用软件次数
- NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
- NSNumber* count = [ud objectForKey:@"times"];
四、存
接上例:
- int t = [count intValue]+1;
- [ud setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:t] forKey:@"times"];
例如:
//读取和保存用户使用软件次数
NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
NSNumber* count = [ud objectForKey:@"times"];
四、存
接上例:
int t = [count intValue]+1;
[ud setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:t] forKey:@"times"];
实例
-(id)init
{
self=[super init];
if (self)
{
CCSprite *background=[[CCSprite alloc] initWithFile:@IMAGE_INC_LOGO]; ;
[self addChild:background];
//CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize];
background.position=ccp(240,160); //(size.width/2, size.height/2);
[background release];
[self performSelector:@selector(complete) withObject:self afterDelay:3.0];
user = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
skip = [user integerForKey:@"can_skip"]; //第一次运行,不可以跳过
if (skip != 0)
{
self.isTouchEnabled = YES;
}
int k = [user integerForKey:@"run_once"];
if (k == 0)
{
[user setInteger:3 forKey:@"gold_feather_count"];
[user setInteger:1 forKey:@"phoenix_count"];
NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd"]; //yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss -- 2010-10-27 10:22:13
NSString *currentDateStr = [dateFormatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]];
[dateFormatter release];
[user setObject:currentDateStr forKey:@"today"]; //加日期
//不会再次运行了
[user setInteger:1 forKey:@"run_once"];
}
}
return self;
}