Observer模式

Observer模式要解决的问题：建立一个一（Subject）对多（Observer）的依赖关系，当“一”变化的时候，依赖这个“一”的多也能够同步改变

Subject.h

//Subject.h
#ifndef _SUBJECT_H_
#define _SUBJECT_H_

#include <list>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
typedef string State;

class Observer;
class Subject
{
public:
	virtual ~Subject();
	virtual void Attach(Observer* obv);
	virtual void Detach(Observer* obv);
	virtual void Notify();
	virtual void SetState(const State& st) = 0;
	virtual State GetState() = 0;
protected:
	Subject();
private:
	list<Observer* >* _obvs;
};

class ConcreteSubject:public Subject
{
public:
	ConcreteSubject();
	~ConcreteSubject();
	State GetState();
	void SetState(const State& st);
protected:
private:
	State _st;
};
#endif //~_SUBJECT_H_

Subject.cpp

#include "Subject.h"
#include "Observer.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
typedef string state;

Subject::Subject()
{ //在模板的使用之前一定要new，创建
	_obvs = new list<Observer*>;
}
Subject::~Subject()
{ 

}
void Subject::Attach(Observer* obv)
{
	_obvs->push_front(obv);
}
void Subject::Detach(Observer* obv)
{
	if (obv != NULL)
		_obvs->remove(obv);
}
void Subject::Notify()
{
	list<Observer*>::iterator it;
	it = _obvs->begin();
	for (;it != _obvs->end();it++)
	{ //关于模板和iterator的用法
		(*it)->Update(this);
	}
}
ConcreteSubject::ConcreteSubject()
{
	_st = '\0';
}
ConcreteSubject::~ConcreteSubject()
{ 

}
State ConcreteSubject::GetState()
{
	return _st;
}
void ConcreteSubject::SetState(const State& st)
{
	_st = st;
}

Observer.h

//Observer.h
#ifndef _OBSERVER_H_
#define _OBSERVER_H_

#include "Subject.h"

#include <string>
using namespace std;
typedef string State;

class Observer
{
public:
	virtual ~Observer();
	virtual void Update(Subject* sub) = 0;
	virtual void PrintInfo() = 0;
protected:
	Observer();
	State _st;
private:
};
class ConcreteObserverA:public Observer
{
public:
	virtual Subject* GetSubject();
	ConcreteObserverA(Subject* sub);
	virtual ~ConcreteObserverA();
	//传入Subject作为参数，这样可以让一个View属于多个的Subject。
	void Update(Subject* sub);
	void PrintInfo();
protected:
private:
	Subject* _sub;
};

class ConcreteObserverB:public Observer
{
public:
	virtual Subject* GetSubject();
	ConcreteObserverB(Subject* sub);
	virtual ~ConcreteObserverB();
	//传入Subject作为参数，这样可以让一个View属于多个的Subject。
	void Update(Subject* sub);
	void PrintInfo();
protected:
private:
	Subject* _sub;
};
#endif //~_OBSERVER_H_

Observer.cpp

//Observer.cpp
#include "Observer.h"
#include "Subject.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

Observer::Observer()
{
	_st = '\0';
}
Observer::~Observer()
{

}

ConcreteObserverA::ConcreteObserverA(Subject* sub)
{
	_sub = sub;
	_sub->Attach(this);
}
ConcreteObserverA::~ConcreteObserverA()
{
	_sub->Detach(this);
	if (_sub != 0)
		delete _sub;
}
Subject* ConcreteObserverA::GetSubject()
{
	return _sub;
}
void ConcreteObserverA::PrintInfo()
{
	cout<<"ConcreteObserverA observer.... "<<_sub->GetState()<<endl;
}
void ConcreteObserverA::Update(Subject* sub)
{
	_st = sub->GetState();
	PrintInfo();
}


ConcreteObserverB::ConcreteObserverB(Subject* sub)
{
	_sub = sub;
	_sub->Attach(this);
}
ConcreteObserverB::~ConcreteObserverB()
{
	_sub->Detach(this);
	if (_sub != 0)
	{
		delete _sub;
	}
}
Subject* ConcreteObserverB::GetSubject()
{
	return _sub;
}
void ConcreteObserverB::PrintInfo()
{
	cout<<"ConcreteObserverB observer.... "<<_sub->GetState()<<endl;
}
void ConcreteObserverB::Update(Subject* sub)
{
	_st = sub->GetState();
	PrintInfo();
}

main.cpp

#include "Subject.h"
#include "Observer.h"

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
	ConcreteSubject* sub = new ConcreteSubject();

	Observer* o1 = new ConcreteObserverA(sub);
	Observer* o2 = new ConcreteObserverB(sub);

	sub->SetState("old");
	sub->Notify();

	sub->SetState("new"); //也可以由Observer调用
	sub->Notify();

    return 0;
}