UVA156 Ananagrams【map+vector】

Most crossword puzzle fans are used to anagrams — groups of words with the same letters in different orders — for example OPTS, SPOT, STOP, POTS and POST. Some words however do not have this attribute, no matter how you rearrange their letters, you cannot form another word. Such words are called ananagrams, an example is QUIZ.

  Obviously such definitions depend on the domain within which we are working; you might think that ATHENE is an ananagram, whereas any chemist would quickly produce ETHANE. One possible domain would be the entire English language, but this could lead to some problems. One could restrict the domain to, say, Music, in which case SCALE becomes a relative ananagram (LACES is not in the same domain) but NOTE is not since it can produce TONE.

  Write a program that will read in the dictionary of a restricted domain and determine the relative ananagrams. Note that single letter words are, ipso facto, relative ananagrams since they cannot be "rearranged" at all. The dictionary will contain no more than 1000 words.

Input

Input will consist of a series of lines. No line will be more than 80 characters long, but may contain any number of words. Words consist of up to 20 upper and/or lower case letters, and will not be broken across lines. Spaces may appear freely around words, and at least one space separates multiple words on the same line. Note that words that contain the same letters but of differing case are considered to be anagrams of each other, thus ‘tIeD’ and ‘EdiT’ are anagrams. The file will be terminated by a line consisting of a single ‘#’.

Output

Output will consist of a series of lines. Each line will consist of a single word that is a relative ananagram in the input dictionary. Words must be output in lexicographic (case-sensitive) order. There will always be at least one relative ananagram.

Sample Input

ladder came tape soon leader acme RIDE lone Dreis peat

 ScAlE orb eye Rides dealer NotE derail LaCeS drIed

noel dire Disk mace Rob dries

#

Sample Output

Disk

NotE

derail

drIed

eye

ladder

soon

问题链接：UVA156 Ananagrams。

题意简述：

　　输入一个文本文件，从中提取出一些单词输出，输出的单词按照文本文件中的原来样子输出（字母大小写不变）。对于所有的单词，若字母不分大小写，单词经过重排顺序，与其他单词相同，这些单词则不在输出之列。

问题分析：

　　用C++语言编写程序，可以练习使用STL的功能。。另外一点，C++编写程序效率会更高。

程序说明：

　　使用了容器类map和vector。其他都是套路。

AC的C++语言程序如下：

/* UVA156 Ananagrams */

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

map<string, int> dict;
vector<string> words;
vector<string> ans;

string getkey(const string& s)
{
    string key = s;

    for(int i = 0; i < (int)key.length(); i++)
        key[i] = tolower(key[i]);

    sort(key.begin(), key.end());

    return key;
}

int main()
{
    string s;

    while(cin >> s && s[0] != '#') {
        string key = getkey(s);
        dict[key]++;
        words.push_back(s);
    }

    for(int i=0; i<(int)words.size(); i++)
        if(dict[getkey(words[i])] == 1)
            ans.push_back(words[i]);

    sort(ans.begin(), ans.end());

    for(int i=0; i<(int)ans.size(); i++)
        cout << ans[i] << "\n";

    return 0;
}