1高并发服务器：多进程服务器



1多进程并发服务器

使用多进程并发服务器时要考虑以下几点：

A.父最大文件描述个数（父进程中需要close关闭accept返回的新文件描述符）

B.系统内创建进程个数（和内存大小相关）

C.进程创建过多是否降低整体服务性能（进程调度）

2.案例说明

server.c,代码如下：

#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <signal.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <unistd.h> #include "wrap.h"   #define MAXLINE 80 #define SERV_PORT 8000   void do_sigchild(int num) {     waitpid(0,NULL,WNOHANG); }   int main(void) {     struct sockaddr_in servaddr,cliaddr;     socklen_t cliaddr_len;     int listenfd,connfd;     char buf[MAXLINE];     //INET_ADDRSTRLEN是ip地址的最大长度，是系统定义的一个宏     char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];     int i,n;     pid_t pid;       struct sigaction newact;     newact.sa_handler = do_sigchild;     sigemptyset(&newact.sa_mask);     newact.sa_flags = 0;     //发信号     sigaction(SIGCHLD,&newact,NULL);       //1.这里建立一个TCP的连接，因为是SOCK_STREAM的，表示的是TCP的     listenfd = Socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);     //将seraddr内容清零     bzero(&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));     servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;     servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);     servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);     //2.绑定ip地址和端口号     Bind(listenfd,(struct sockaddr *)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));     //监听，最多的可以是20个     Listen(listenfd,20);         printf("Accepting connections...\n");     while(1) {         cliaddr_len = sizeof(cliaddr_len);         //connfd:这里才是后续进程需要用的文件描述符         //listenfd:已经不用里，可以被销毁,这个程序是在子进程里面销毁         connfd = Accept(listenfd,(struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr,&cliaddr_len);           pid = fork();         if(pid ==0) {             if(pid == 0) {                 Close(listenfd);                 while(1) {                     n = Read(connfd,buf,MAXLINE);                     if(n == 0) {                         printf("the other side has been closed.\n");                         break;                     }                     printf("received from %s at PORT %d\n",                         inet_ntop(AF_INET,&cliaddr.sin_addr.s_addr,str,sizeof(str)),                         ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));                                         for(i = 0; i< n; i++) {                         buf[i] = toupper(buf[i]);                     }                     Write(connfd,buf,n);                 }                 Close(connfd);                 return 0;             } else if(pid > 0) {                 Close(connfd);             } else {                 perr_exit("fork");             }         }     } }

client.c

#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include "wrap.h"   #define MAXLINE 80 #define SERV_PORT 8000   int main(int argc,char *argv[]) {     struct sockaddr_in servaddr;     char buf[MAXLINE];     int sockfd,n;       sockfd = Socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);       bzero(&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));     servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;     inet_pton(AF_INET,"127.0.0.1",&servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr);     servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);       Connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));       while(fgets(buf,MAXLINE,stdin) != NULL) {         Write(sockfd,buf,strlen(buf));         n = Read(sockfd,buf,MAXLINE);         if(n == 0) {             printf("the other side has ben closed.\n");         } else {             Write(STDOUT_FILENO,buf,n);         }     }       Close(sockfd);     return 0; }

wrap.h

#ifndef __WRAP_H_ #define __WRAP_H_   void perr_exit(const char *s); int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr); void Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen); void Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen); void Listen(int fd, int backlog); int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol); ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes); ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes); void Close(int fd); ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n); ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n); static ssize_t my_read(int fd, char *ptr); ssize_t Readline(int fd, void *vptr, size_t maxlen);   #endif

wrap.c

#include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/socket.h>   void perr_exit(const char *s) {          perror(s);          exit(1); }   int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr) {          int n;   again:          if ( (n = accept(fd, sa, salenptr)) < 0) {                    if ((errno == ECONNABORTED) || (errno == EINTR))                             goto again;                    else                             perr_exit("accept error");          }          return n; }   void Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen) {          if (bind(fd, sa, salen) < 0)                    perr_exit("bind error"); }   void Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen) {          if (connect(fd, sa, salen) < 0)                    perr_exit("connect error"); }   void Listen(int fd, int backlog) {          if (listen(fd, backlog) < 0)                    perr_exit("listen error"); }   int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol) {          int n;            if ( (n = socket(family, type, protocol)) < 0)                    perr_exit("socket error");          return n; }   ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes) {          ssize_t n;   again:          if ( (n = read(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {                    if (errno == EINTR)                             goto again;                    else                             return -1;          }          return n; }   ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes) {          ssize_t n;   again:          if ( (n = write(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {                    if (errno == EINTR)                             goto again;                    else                             return -1;          }          return n; }   void Close(int fd) {          if (close(fd) == -1)                    perr_exit("close error"); } ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n) {          size_t  nleft;          ssize_t nread;          char   *ptr;            ptr = vptr;          nleft = n;          while (nleft > 0) {                    if ( (nread = read(fd, ptr, nleft)) < 0) {                             if (errno == EINTR)                                      nread = 0;                             else                                      return -1;                    } else if (nread == 0)                             break;                      nleft -= nread;                    ptr += nread;          }          return n - nleft; }   ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n) {          size_t nleft;          ssize_t nwritten;          const char *ptr;            ptr = vptr;          nleft = n;          while (nleft > 0) {                    if ( (nwritten = write(fd, ptr, nleft)) <= 0) {                             if (nwritten < 0 && errno == EINTR)                                      nwritten = 0;                             else                                      return -1;                    }                      nleft -= nwritten;                    ptr += nwritten;          }          return n; } static ssize_t my_read(int fd, char *ptr) {          static int read_cnt;          static char *read_ptr;          static char read_buf[100];            if (read_cnt <= 0) { again:                    if ( (read_cnt = read(fd, read_buf, sizeof(read_buf))) < 0) {                             if (errno == EINTR)                                      goto again;                             return -1;                    } else if (read_cnt == 0)                             return 0;                    read_ptr = read_buf;          }          read_cnt--;          *ptr = *read_ptr++;          return 1; }   ssize_t Readline(int fd, void *vptr, size_t maxlen) {          ssize_t n, rc;          char    c, *ptr;            ptr = vptr;          for (n = 1; n < maxlen; n++) {                    if ( (rc = my_read(fd, &c)) == 1) {                             *ptr++ = c;                             if (c  == '\n')                                      break;                    } else if (rc == 0) {                             *ptr = 0;                             return n - 1;                    } else {                             return -1;         }          }          *ptr  = 0;          return n; }

运行结果（编译server）：

运行client端