Android的文件操作

SD卡的地址mnt/sdcard，mnt和安卓底层linux内核有关。文件系统是被加载的？

android对文件的操作可以使用java原本的io函数。区别在于需要对manifest.xml进行修改。所以如果app包含文件读写功能，那么首先要让app获得读写SD卡的权限，在<application</application>的上方添加以下三句话。

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>  

另一个区别在于在J2SE中文件地址用\\表示父子关系，而Android与Symbian一致，都是用/表示父子关系。

获得SD卡根目录路径Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()，相当于"/mnt/sdcard/"。如果不是根目录，而是子目录比如/cd/，那么path=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/cd/"，cd的前后/不能少。

1、创建文件夹

		  File filex = new File("/mnt/sdcard/A");
		  if(!filex.exists()){
			  try{
				  filex.mkdirs();
			  }
			  catch (Exception e) {
				  e.printStackTrace();
			  }
		  }	

2、创建文件

		  File file = new File("/mnt/sdcard/A/m.txt");//这里可以是txt也可是jpg，格式任意
		  if (!file.exists()){
			  try {
				  file.createNewFile();
			  }
			  catch (Exception e) {
				  e.printStackTrace();
			  }
		  }	

3、写入文件

DataOutputStream out1;					
String s1=editText1.getText().toString();
try{
	if(s1.length()!=0){m1.delete();m1.createNewFile();}
	out1=new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(path+"m1.txt"));
	out1.writeUTF(s1);
	out1.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
}

4、读出文件

DataInputStream in;
			try {
		    	in=new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(path+"m1.txt"));
		    	editText1.setText(in.readUTF());
		    	in.close();
				}
			catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}	

5、完整程序

package com.example.androidfile;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private EditText editText1;

	String path="/mnt/sdcard/A/";
	File filex = new File(path);
	File m1 = new File(path+"m1.txt");
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);		
		  if(!filex.exists()){
			  try{
				  filex.mkdirs();
			  }
			  catch (Exception e) {
				  e.printStackTrace();
			  }
		  }	
		  
		  if (!m1.exists()){
			  try {
				  m1.createNewFile();
			  }
			  catch (Exception e) {
				  e.printStackTrace();
			  }
		  }	
		  editText1=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
		  DataInputStream in;
			try {
		    	in=new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(path+"m1.txt"));
		    	editText1.setText(in.readUTF());
		    	in.close();
				}
			catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}	
		  Button Button1=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
		  Button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
			  public void onClick(View v){					
				  DataOutputStream out1;					
				  String s1=editText1.getText().toString();
				  try{
					    if(s1.length()!=0){m1.delete();m1.createNewFile();}
					    out1=new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(path+"m1.txt"));
					    out1.writeUTF(s1);
					    out1.close();
				  }
				  catch (Exception e) {
					  e.printStackTrace();
				  }
			  }
		  });
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.androidfile"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>  
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.androidfile.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
</manifest>

6、实际效果