在实际应用中实例化某个bean时,经常要在实例化该bean之前实例化另外一个bean,因此产生了依赖关系,下面通过实例演示bean之间如何依赖。
假设有一个Person类和一个Car类,在实例化Person类之前要先实现Car的类。
Person类:
package com.lzj.spring;
public class Person {
private String name;
private Car car;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Car getCar() {
return car;
}
public void setCar(Car car) {
this.car = car;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [name=" + name + ", car=" + car + "]";
}
}
Car类:
package com.lzj.spring;
public class Car {
private String brand;
private double price;
public String getBrand() {
return brand;
}
public void setBrand(String brand) {
this.brand = brand;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Car [brand=" + brand + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
spring的配置文件bean.xml为:
<bean id="car" class="com.lzj.spring.Car">
<property name="brand" value="baoma"></property>
<property name="price" value="100000"></property>
</bean>
<!--通过depends-on="car"设置了在获取person的bean时,要先获取car的bean-->
<bean id="person" class="com.lzj.spring.Person" depends-on="car">
<property name="name" value="lzj"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
测试类:
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
Person person1 = (Person) ctx.getBean("person");
System.out.println(person1);
输出为:Person [name=lzj, car=null]
注意:depends-on=”car”只是指定了在获取person的bean时,要现在IOC容器中能获取car的bean,但是并不是说就把car的bean注入到了person的bean中了,要想person用有car的bean,需要在person的bean的配置中获取car的bean,例如配置<property name="car" ref="car"></property>
depends-on=”car”指定的car的bean为person的前置依赖bean,会在person实例化之前创建好。如果前置依赖多个bean,则可以通过逗号,空格的方式指定bean的名称。