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原创 如何写好测试用例

*慕课网课程学习笔记总结*前置知识点: 软件相关概念(软件是数据、程序、文档的集合) 软件测试基础(满足需求为目的,保证软件质量的一系列手段) 测试流程(需求分析,到计划制定,用例编写与执行,再到测试结果的分析报告) 测试生命周期(测试计划、测试设计、测试开发、测试执行、测试评估)常用术语: 通过测试手段划分: 黑盒(把软件比作黑色的盒子,不知道里面的内部结构,只能通过外面暴露出来的接口

2017-12-17 22:19:55 468

原创 2015年软考上午卷错题知识点总结

2015年下半年下午卷 1. DMA控制器在需要的时候代替CPU作为总线主设备,在不受CPU干预的情况下,控制I/O设备与系统主存之间的直接数据传输。DMA操作占用的资源是系统总线,而CPU并非在整个指令执行期间即指令周期内都会使用总线,故DMA请求的检测点设置在每个机器周期也即总线周期结束时执行,这样使得总线利用率最高。 2. 随着主存增加,指令本身很难保证直接反映操作数的值或其地址,必须

2017-07-11 10:58:54 601

原创 2014年上午卷错题知识点总结

2014年下半年上午卷 1. Flynn主要根据指令流和数据流来分类,分为四类: ①单指令流单数据流机器(SISD) SISD机器是一种传统的串行计算机,它的硬件不支持任何形式的并行计算,所有的指令都是串行执行,并且在某个时钟周期内,CPU只能处理一个数据流。因此这种机器被称作单指令流单数据流机器。早期的计算机都是SISD机器。 ②单指令流多数据流机器(SIMD) SIMD是采用一个指令

2017-07-11 10:57:30 504

原创 设计模式

每一个设计模式都集中于一个特定的面向对象设计问题或设计要点,描述了什么时候使用它,在另一些设计约束条件下是否还能使用,以及使用的效果和如何取舍。按照设计模式的目的可以分为创建型、结构型和行为型三大类。创建型模式与对象的创建有关;结构型模式处理类或对象的组合;行为型模式对类或对象怎样交互和怎样分配职责进行描述。每种设计模式都有其适应性,描述适用于解决的问题场合。采用UML对系统进行建模时,首先确定系统

2017-07-11 10:42:33 489

原创 UML知识点

UML中提供了多种建模系统的图,体现系统的静态方面和动态方面。UML图中,对新开发系统的需求进行建模,规划开发什么功能或测试用例,采用用例图最适合。而展示交付系统的软件组件和硬件之间的关系的图是部署图。类图(class diagram)展现了一组对象、接口、协作和它们之间的关系。在面向对象系统的建模中所建立的最常见的图就是类图。类图给出系统的静态设计视图。部署图(deployment diagram

2017-07-11 10:31:41 1891

原创 软件开发过程模型

软件开发过程以系统需求作为输入,以要交付的产品作为输出,涉及活动、约束和资源使用的一系列工具和技术。瀑布模型、快速原型化模型、增量模型、螺旋模型等都是典型的软件开发过程模型。瀑布模型将开发阶段描述为从一个阶段瀑布般地转换到另一个阶段的过程。瀑布模型将软件生存周期各个活动规定为线性顺序连接的若干阶段的模型,规定了由前至后,相互衔接的固定次序,如同瀑布流水,逐级下落。这种方法是一种理想的开发模式,缺乏灵

2017-07-11 10:28:55 1499

原创 Mac下mysql出现错误:ERROR 1055 (42000)

在Mac下使用mysql,分组时出现错误: ERROR 1055 (42000): Expression #3 of SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column ‘imooc.s.type_name’ which is not functionally dependent on columns

2017-06-22 21:06:04 13600 3

原创 个人理财--知识点总结

1.高净值客户:单笔购买不少于100万;个人或家庭总资产超过100万;个人收入近3年每年超过20万;夫妻合计收入近3年每年超过30万。 2.理财顾问服务是指商业银行向客户提供的财务分析与规划、投资建议、个人投资产品推介等专业化服务。 3.综合理财服务中,商业银行在向客户提供理财顾问服务的基础上,客户授权银行代表客户按照合同约定的投资方式和方向,进行投资和资产管理,投资收益与风险由客户或客户与银行

2017-06-07 11:10:40 3340

原创 银行业法律法规与综合能力-- 知识点总结

1.2002年开始实施贷款五级分类法,正常、关注、次级、可疑、损失。 关注贷款是指尽管借款人目前有能力偿还贷款本息,但存在一些可能对偿还产生不利影响因素的贷款。次级贷款是指借款人的还款能力出现明显问题,完全依靠其正常经营收入无法足额偿还本息,即使执行担保,也可能造成一定损失的贷款。损失类是指采取所有可能的措施或者法律程序之后,本息仍无法收回,或只能收回极少部分贷款。 2.银行保函是指银行应申请人

2017-06-07 11:09:31 8275 1

原创 LeetCode-83. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-duplicates-from-sorted-list/?tab=Description Given a sorted linked list, delete all duplicates such that each element appear only once. For example, Given

2017-03-03 17:11:40 180

原创 LeetCode-21. Merge Two Sorted Lists

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/merge-two-sorted-lists/?tab=Description Merge two sorted linked lists and return it as a new list. The new list should be made by splicing together the nodes of the

2017-03-03 11:16:03 194

原创 LeetCode-203. Remove Linked List Elements

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-linked-list-elements/?tab=Description Remove all elements from a linked list of integers that have value val. 删除值为val的元素。 Example: Given: 1 –> 2 –> 6 –> 3 –

2017-03-03 11:02:47 204

原创 LeetCode-206. Reverse Linked List

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-linked-list/?tab=Description Reverse a singly linked list.反转一个单向链表。 参考C++代码:/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val;

2017-03-02 16:59:48 197

原创 LeetCode-504. Base 7

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/base-7/?tab=Description Given an integer, return its base 7 string representation. 将十进制数字转换成7进制,且以字符串形式返回。若数字为负数,则将其绝对值转换后再添加符号。 Example 1: Input: 100 Outp

2017-03-02 16:43:03 315

原创 LeetCode-506. Relative Ranks

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/relative-ranks/?tab=Description Given scores of N athletes, find their relative ranks and the people with the top three highest scores, who will be awarded medals: “Go

2017-03-02 16:25:11 229

原创 LeetCode-492. Construct the Rectangle

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/construct-the-rectangle/?tab=Description For a web developer, it is very important to know how to design a web page’s size. So, given a specific rectangular web page’s

2017-03-02 15:44:28 221

原创 LeetCode-485. Max Consecutive Ones

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/max-consecutive-ones/?tab=Description Given a binary array, find the maximum number of consecutive 1s in this array. 找出一个二进制串中连续的1的个数。 Example 1: Input: [1,1,0,

2017-03-02 15:27:31 203

原创 LeetCode-412. Fizz Buzz

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/fizz-buzz/?tab=Description Write a program that outputs the string representation of numbers from 1 to n. But for multiples of three it should output “Fizz” instead o

2017-03-02 15:10:50 233

原创 LeetCode-338. Counting Bits

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/counting-bits/?tab=Description Given a non negative integer number num. For every numbers i in the range 0 ≤ i ≤ num calculate the number of 1’s in their binary repr

2017-03-02 11:22:26 317

原创 LeetCode-Brainteaser-292. Nim Game

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/nim-game/?tab=Description You are playing the following Nim Game with your friend: There is a heap of stones on the table, each time one of you take turns to remove 1

2017-03-02 10:20:40 229

原创 LeetCode-530. Minimum Absolute Difference in BST

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-absolute-difference-in-bst/?tab=Description Given a binary search tree with non-negative values, find the minimum absolute difference between values of any t

2017-03-02 10:04:14 261

原创 LeetCode-257. Binary Tree Paths

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-paths/?tab=Description Given a binary tree, return all root-to-leaf paths. 给定一棵树,找出所有从根到叶子节点的路径 For example, given the following binary tree: 1

2017-03-01 17:10:18 185

原创 LeetCode-437. Path Sum III

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/path-sum-iii/?tab=Description You are given a binary tree in which each node contains an integer value. Find the number of paths that sum to a given value. The pat

2017-03-01 16:42:27 166

原创 LeetCode-404. Sum of Left Leaves

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/sum-of-left-leaves/?tab=Description Find the sum of all left leaves in a given binary tree.求左叶子节点的和。 Example: 3 / \ 9 20 / \ 15 7 There are

2017-03-01 15:59:24 161

原创 LeetCode-111. Minimum Depth of Binary Tree

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-depth-of-binary-tree/?tab=Description Given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.The minimum depth is the number of nodes along the shortest path from the r

2017-03-01 15:29:39 162

原创 LeetCode-108. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/convert-sorted-array-to-binary-search-tree/?tab=Description Given an array where elements are sorted in ascending order, convert it to a height balanced BST. 给定一个数组

2017-03-01 15:18:55 161

转载 LeetCode-501. Find Mode in Binary Search Tree

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/find-mode-in-binary-search-tree/?tab=Description Given a binary search tree (BST) with duplicates, find all the mode(s) (the most frequently occurred element) in the g

2017-03-01 15:08:32 552

原创 LeetCode-112. Path Sum

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/path-sum/?tab=Description Given a binary tree and a sum, determine if the tree has a root-to-leaf path such that adding up all the values along the path equals the giv

2017-03-01 11:28:12 306

原创 LeetCode-226. Invert Binary Tree

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/invert-binary-tree/?tab=Description Invert a binary tree.交换左右子树。 4 / \ 2 7 / \ / \ 1 3 6 9 to 4 / \ 7 2 / \ / \ 9

2017-03-01 11:16:33 171

原创 LeetCode-104. Maximum Depth of Binary Tree

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/maximum-depth-of-binary-tree/?tab=Description Given a binary tree, find its maximum depth.给一个二叉树,返回它的最大深度。 The maximum depth is the number of nodes along the longest

2017-03-01 11:04:33 146

原创 LeetCode-235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree

问题: https://leetcode.com/problems/lowest-common-ancestor-of-a-binary-search-tree/?tab=Description Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the BST

2017-03-01 10:47:26 294

原创 LeetCode-110. Balanced Binary Tree

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/balanced-binary-tree/?tab=Description Given a binary tree, determine if it is height-balanced. 判断二叉树是否为平衡二叉树。 For this problem, a height-balanced binary tree is defin

2017-03-01 10:20:30 150

原创 Linux简介

Linux发展史: Linux 1991年出现。 Linux 内核版本 是Linux的核心版本。 Linux 主要发行版本:redhat、centOS(RedHat系列的)、ubuntu(以桌面应用为主)、fedora、Debian(由社区开发和维护的Linux)….AIX是IBM开发的Unix….开源软件简介: Apache、NGINX、MySQL、PHP、samba、mongoDB、Py

2017-02-28 21:52:55 186

原创 LeetCode-101. Symmetric Tree

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/symmetric-tree/?tab=Description Given a binary tree, check whether it is a mirror of itself (ie, symmetric around its center). 给一个二叉树,判断是否它是镜像二叉树或者是它本身。 For example,

2017-02-28 17:12:40 165

原创 LeetCode-100. Same Tree

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/same-tree/?tab=Description Given two binary trees, write a function to check if they are equal or not. Two binary trees are considered equal if they are structurally

2017-02-28 16:52:58 306

原创 LeetCode-107. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-level-order-traversal-ii/?tab=Description Given a binary tree, return the bottom-up level order traversal of its nodes’ values. (ie, from left to right, le

2017-02-28 16:44:54 203

原创 LeetCode-371. Sum of Two Integers

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/sum-of-two-integers/?tab=Description Calculate the sum of two integers a and b, but you are not allowed to use the operator + and -. 计算两个整数的和,但你不能用任何的+ -操作符。 Example

2017-02-28 15:59:28 166

原创 LeetCode-190. Reverse Bits

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-bits/?tab=Description Reverse bits of a given 32 bits unsigned integer.把二进制数翻转。 For example, given input 43261596 (represented in binary as 0000010100101000

2017-02-28 11:22:29 221

原创 LeetCode-405. Convert a Number to Hexadecimal

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/convert-a-number-to-hexadecimal/?tab=Description 十进制转十六进制。 Given an integer, write an algorithm to convert it to hexadecimal. For negative integer, two’s complement m

2017-02-28 10:52:10 182

原创 LeetCode-461. Hamming Distance

问题:https://leetcode.com/problems/hamming-distance/?tab=Description The Hamming distance between two integers is the number of positions at which the corresponding bits are different.Given two integers

2017-02-28 10:19:17 143

Salient Region Detection by UFO-Uniqueness, Focusness and Objectness

本PDF是显著性检测UFO方法的论文,内容全面完整,方便需要的人下载学习。

2015-05-06

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