4种c++对象的声明及销毁方法

新开博客，没什么好写的，先放一篇以前整理的东西上来。

零：直接声明一个对象就不讲了

一：指针对象

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Book *aBook = nullptr;

	aBook = new Book("C++", "Gaddis", 400);

	cout<<aBook->toString()<<endl;

	delete aBook;

二：指针指向一个储存Book类对象的数组，该数组在Stack中，三个对象在Heap中，数组中储存三个对象

Book *books = nullptr;
	int capacity = 3;
	int nrOfBooks = 0;

	books = new Book[capacity];
	books[nrOfBooks++] = Book("C++", "Gaddis", 400);//后加
	books[nrOfBooks].setTitle("Java");
	books[nrOfBooks].setAuthor("Sawitch");
	books[nrOfBooks].setPrice(500);
	nrOfBooks++;

	for (int i=0; i<capacity; i++)
	{
		cout<<books[i].toString()<<endl;
	}
	system("pause");
delete [] books; //compare delete and delete[],the delete just delete books[0],but delete []can delete all objects

三．声明数组储存3个指针对象，数组在Stack中，对象在Heap中

（与二的区别在于，三中的对象为指针对像，二中声明的是三个对象，而三中声明的是3个指针）

const int CAPACITY = 3;
Book *books[CAPACITY] = {nullptr, nullptr, nullptr};
books[2] = new Book("C++", "Gaddis", 400);
books[0] = new Book("Java", "Sawitch", 500);
for (int i=0; i<CAPACITY; i++)
{
if (books[i] != nullptr)
		{
			cout<<books[i]->toString()<<endl;
		}
	}

	for (int i=0; i<CAPACITY; i++)
	{
		if (books[i] != nullptr)
		{
			delete books[i];
		}
	}

四．声明一个双指针的数组对象，声明的数组在heap中，对象也在heap中

Book **books = nullptr;
	int capacity = 3;
	int nrOFBooks = 0;
	string title;
	string author;
	int price;

	books = new Book*[capacity];

	for (int i=0; i<capacity; i++)
	{
		books[i] = nullptr;
	}

	books[nrOFBooks++] = new Book("C++", "Gaddis", 400);

	for (int i=0; i<2; i++)
	{
		cout<<"Input the title of the book: ";
		getline(cin, title);
		cout<<"Input the author of the book: ";
		getline(cin, author);
		cout<<"Input the price of the book: ";
		cin>>price;
		cin.ignore();

		books[nrOFBooks++] = new Book(title, author, price);
	}

	cout<<"This is the books in the array: "<<endl;
	for (int i=0; i<capacity; i++)
	{
		cout<<books[i]->toString()<<endl;
	}

	for (int i=0; i<nrOFBooks; i++)
	{
		delete books[i];  // deleting Book object
	}

	delete [] books;  // deleting array

	return 0;
}