在学习《Java语言程序设计·基础篇》一维数组这一章的时候,看到书上的一道例题。过程很简单,但是对我有启发,特此记录。
问题:编写一个程序,从一副52张牌中随机调出4张牌。
以上问题有两个待解决的问题:
1、如何存储一副牌?
解答:用一个整形数组表示52张牌,用0到51的初始值来填充。
int [] deck = new int[52];
//Initialize cards
for(int i =0; i < deck.length; i++){
deck[i] =i;
}
从牌号0到12、13到25、26到38以及39到51分别表示13张黑桃、13张红桃、13张方块、13张梅花。在打乱数组deck之后,从deck中选出前四张牌,
cardNumber / 13 决定牌的花色,cardNumber % 13 决定是具体花色中的哪张牌。
2、如何打乱一副牌?
解答:对牌deck[i],随机生成一个0到52(不包含)的随机整数j,交换deck[i]和deck[j]即可。<br>
源程序如下:
public class DeckOfCards {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] deck = new int[52];
String[] suits = {"Spades", "Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs"};
String[] ranks = {"Ace", "2" ,"3","4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "Jack", "Queen", "King"};
//Initialize cards
for (int i = 0; i < deck.length; i++) {
deck[i] = i;
}
//Shuffle the cards
for (int i = 0; i < deck.length; i++) {
int index = (int)(Math.random() * deck.length);
int temp = deck[i];
deck[i] = deck[index];
deck[index] = temp;
}
//Display the first four cards
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
String suit = suits[deck[i] / 13];
String rank = ranks[deck[i] % 13];
System.out.println("Card number" + deck[i] + " : " + rank + " of " + suit);
}
}
}
输出结果为:
Card number30 : 5 of Diamonds
Card number21 : 9 of Hearts
Card number48 : 10 of Clubs
Card number8 : 9 of Spades