nagios安装实践

  监控软件nagios的配置
  相关链接：nagios中文网站http://nagios-cn.sourceforge.net/
 一、工作原理
     nagios是利用插件来进行管理各个服务器的。先在安装有nagios的机器安装三个软件包，一个是nagiso的
   所需要的安装包，一个是插件包，一个是nrpe插件包。
 二、实验机器设置：192.168.0.254是nagios监控机器，192.168.0.2是被监控机器。
 三、在nagios监控服务器上安装包
    1.因为nagios是用httpd服务进行管理的，所以需要在监控机器上安装httpd包，还有maysql-server等
      以下几个包。
 1009  yum install httpd mysql-server php php-server
 1010  ls
 1011  cd /var/www/html/
 1012  ls
 1013  vim index.php
       在index.php中加入以下一段话
    <?php
        phpinfo()
    ?>
 1015  service httpd start
    2.添加用户nagios和组nagcmd用来管理nagios服务，不建议用root来管理nagios
 1018  useradd nagios
 1019  passwd nagios
 1020  groupadd nagcmd
 1021  usermod -G nagcmd nagios
 1022  usermod -G nagcmd apache
 1024  tar zxvf nagios-3.2.0.tar.gz
 1025  date   －－－如果系统的日期在安装包之前就没法安装，需要修改系统时间
 1026  date -s 20090919
 1027  date -s 0952
 1030  cd nagios-3.2.0
 1031  ls
 1032  ./configure --help | grep user  －－查看配置文件的有关加user的选项
 1033  ./configure --with-command-user=nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd
 1034  make all
 1035  make install &&  make install-init &&make install-commandmode && make install-config &&  make install-webconf               
 1036  ls /usr/local/nagios/
 1037  ls /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf    －－执行make install-webconf会自动在这里生成一个nagios.conf的文件
 1038  ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
 1039  ls /usr/local/nagios/share/
 1040  vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf
 1041  htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin  --加入一个管理帐号
 1042  service httpd restart
2.安装插件包
=========================================
 1056  tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
 1057  ls
 1058  cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
 1059  ls
 1060  ./configure  --help | grep user
 1061  ./configure  --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
 1062  make && make install
 1063  ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
=========================================
3.安装nrpe插件包
 1113  tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
 1114  ls
 1115  cd nrpe-2.12
 1116  ls
 1117  ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios
 1118  make all
 1119  make install-plugin
 1120  ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
 1129  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
    添加对命令check_nrpe的定义
    define command{
        command_name    check_nrpe
        command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
        }
四、在被监控机器上安装包
=========================
192.168.1.2      被监控机器
   1.添加帐户nagios用于管理
 1008  +191109  useradd nagios
 1009  +191109  passwd nagios
   2.安装插件包
 1056  tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
 1057  ls
 1058  cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
 1010  +191109  ./configure  --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
 1011  +191111  ls
 1012  +191111  make && make install
 1013  +191112  ls /usr/local/nagios/
 1014  +191112  ls
 1015  +191112  cd /usr/local/nagios/
 1016  +191112  ls
 1017  +191112  ls
 1018  +191112  ls libexec/
 1019  +191113  ls
 1020  +191113  ls share/
   3.安装nrpe插件包
-------------------
  998  +191118  cd /root/nrpe-2.12
  999  +191118  ls
 1000  +191118  ./configure  --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios
 1001  +191119  make all
 1003  +191120  ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
 1004  +191120  make install-plugin
 1005  +191120  ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
 1006  +191120  make install-daemon
 1007  +191121  ls /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
 1008  +191121  make install-daemon-config
 1009  +191121  ls /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
 1010  +191121  make install-xinetd
 1011  +191122  vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe
  4.把服务的端口号加入到services文件中去
 1012  +191123  vim /etc/services
          内容：nrpe  5666/tcp
 1013  +191123  service xinetd restart
 1014  +191123  netstat -ntlp | grep 5666
  5.本地服务器用nrpe插件的命令查看本地的资源情况。
 1015  +191125  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H localhost
 1016  +191125  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H localhost -c check_users
 1017  +191126  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
 1018  +191128  fdisk -l
 1019  +191128  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
 1020  +191129  service xinetd restart
 1021  +191129  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
 1022  +191132  who
 1023  +191132  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
 1024  +191133  df -h
 1025  +191133  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
  6.定义需要添加的查看命令
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1
command[check_hda2]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda2
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
  7.设定只允许那些机器能查看本地的资源
  vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe
  only_from = 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.4
五、nagios监控机器上再对被监控机器192.168.1.2的设定
=============================
192.168.1.254:
  1.用已插件在命令行下测试被监控机器的资源情况
 1120  ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
 1121  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H 192.168.1.2
 1123  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H 192.168.1.2 -c check_users
 1124  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H 192.168.1.2 -c check_load
 1125  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H 192.168.1.2 -c check_hda1
 1126  df -h
 1127  /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe  -H 192.168.1.2 -c check_hda2
  2.在nagios配置文件中加入对192.168.1.2的监控配置文件
 vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
 cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/stu2.cfg
 cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cf  stu2.cfg
 1128  vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/stu2.cfg
    stu2.cfg具体配置查看下面的配置文件
   3.用命令测试nagios.cfg有没有错误
 1130  /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
   4.启动nagios
  1097  service nagios start
   chkconfig --add nagios
   chkconfig --level 35 nagios on
六.在浏览器中访问nagios管理页面
   http://192.168.1.254/nagios
   输入帐号和密码nagiosadmin
 
###############################################################################
# stu2.CFG - SAMPLE OBJECT CONFIG FILE FOR MONITORING THIS MACHINE
#
# Last Modified: 05-31-2007
#
# NOTE: This config file is intended to serve as an *extremely* simple
#       example of how you can create configuration entries to monitor
#       the local (Linux) machine.
#
###############################################################################




###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# HOST DEFINITION
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################

# Define a host for the local machine

define host{
        use                     linux-server            ; Name of host template to use
                                                        ; This host definition will inherit all variables that are defined
                                                        ; in (or inherited by) the linux-server host template definition.
        host_name               stu2
        alias                   myclient
        address                 192.168.1.2
        }



###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# HOST GROUP DEFINITION
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################

# Define an optional hostgroup for Linux machines

define hostgroup{
        hostgroup_name  linux-servers1 ; The name of the hostgroup
        alias           Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
        members         stu2     ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group
        }



###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# SERVICE DEFINITIONS
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################


# Define a service to "ping" the local machine

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             PING
        check_command                   check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
        }


# Define a service to check the disk space of the root partition
# on the local machine.  Warning if < 20% free, critical if
# < 10% free space on partition.

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             / Partition
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_hda2
        }

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             /boot Partition
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_hda1
        }



# Define a service to check the number of currently logged in
# users on the local machine.  Warning if > 20 users, critical
# if > 50 users.

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             Current Users
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_users
  }


# Define a service to check the number of currently running procs
# on the local machine.  Warning if > 250 processes, critical if
# > 400 users.

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             Total Processes
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_total_procs
        }


define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             ZombieProcesses
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs
        }


# Define a service to check the load on the local machine.

define service{
       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             Current Load
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_load
       }



# Define a service to check the swap usage the local machine.
# Critical if less than 10% of swap is free, warning if less than 20% is free

#define service{
#        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
#        host_name                       localhost
#        service_description             Swap Usage
#       check_command                   check_local_swap!20!10
 #       }



# Define a service to check SSH on the local machine.
# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have SSH enabled.

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             SSH
        check_command                   check_ssh
        notifications_enabled           1
        }

# Define a service to check HTTP on the local machine.
# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have HTTP enabled.

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             HTTP
        check_command                   check_http
        notifications_enabled           1
        }

define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       stu2
        service_description             FTP
        check_command                   check_ftp
        notifications_enabled           1
        }