废话不说,先看如何实现一个最简单的spring boot例子:
1,进入官网 https://start.spring.io/下载spring boot实例,下载之后用IDEA或者myeclipse等开发工具打开即可:
在实例中,实现功能只需要两个文件,第一个是pom.xml 引入了spring boot所需要的包和依赖项:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
第二个文件是启动类:
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
我们可以在启动类中同级包中加入一个类来实现简单的hello world功能:
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "Hello World!";
}
}
注:目前还不知道为什么不和启动类在同一个包中,会报404
step3: 启动启动类,在浏览器中输入 http://localhost:8080/hello就会看到浏览器中输出:Hello World!
上面之后,最简单的spring boot项目已经完成。
编写单元测试:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = HelloController.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class HelloApplicationTests {
private MockMvc mvc;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception{
mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloController()).build();
}
@Test
public void contextLoads() throws Exception{
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Hello World!")));
}
}
从上面可以看出spring boot 的最大两个优势:
1,0容器,不用部署,启动简单: 0容器不是说没有容器,是看不见而已,但是不用减少了部署的过程,启动直接相当于一个java程序。
2,配置少,无需多言,实现了一个接口,0行配置信息【注解中实现,没有其他前置配置】。