使用C语言读取bmp文件数据

/**
*2014/9/24 02:23
*读取bmp图片信息.cpp
*author:王炳华
*运行此文件，在同目录下存放一个名为dog.bmp的图片，格式必须为bmp
*/


#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#define BMPTYPE 19778

bool isBMP(FILE *F);
int multiply_2(int i);
void HeaderPartLenght(FILE *f);
void widthHeight(FILE *f);
void fileHeader(FILE* f);
void infoHeader(FILE* f);
void dataPart(FILE *f);
void colorData(FILE *f);
void dataData(FILE *f);

short biBitCount = 0;
int clrTable = 0;//需要多少个颜色表项
long width = 0;
long height = 0;


int main()
{
	FILE *f;
	f = fopen("dog.bmp","rb");
	if(f == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"Open File Error!");
	}
	else
	{
		if(isBMP(f))
		{
			printf("************Image MainInfo***********\n");
			HeaderPartLenght(f);
			widthHeight(f);
			fileHeader(f);
			infoHeader(f);
			colorData(f);
			dataPart(f);
		}
		else
		{
			printf("The type of the image is not BMP!");
		}
	}

	return 0;
}
int multiply_2(int i)
{
	int n;
	int result = 1;
	for(n = 0;n < i;n++)
	{
		result *= 2;
	}
	return result;
}

bool isBMP(FILE *f)
{
	unsigned short type;
	fread(&type,sizeof(char),2,f);
	return (type==BMPTYPE)?1:0;
}

void HeaderPartLenght(FILE *f)
{
	unsigned int length;
	fseek(f,10L,SEEK_SET);
	fread(&length,sizeof(char),4,f);
	printf("The length of head part is %d\n",length);
}

void widthHeight(FILE *f)
{
	long width = 0;
	long height = 0;
	fseek(f,18,SEEK_SET);
	fread(&width,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&height,sizeof(char),4,f);

	printf("The width of this image is %d\n",width);
	printf("The height of this image is %d\n",height);
}
void fileHeader(FILE* f)
{
	int biSize = 0;
	short bifReserved1 = 0;
	short bifReserved2 = 0;
	int bifOffBits = 0;

	printf("*************************************\n");
	printf("**************FILE Header************\n");
	printf("*************************************\n");

	fseek(f,2,SEEK_SET);
	fread(&biSize,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&bifReserved1,sizeof(char),2,f);
	fread(&bifReserved2,sizeof(char),2,f);
	fread(&bifOffBits,sizeof(char),4,f);

	printf("biSize=%d\n",biSize);
	printf("bifReserved1=%d\n",bifReserved1);
	printf("bifReserved2=%d\n",bifReserved2);
	printf("bifOffBits=%d\n",bifOffBits);
}
void infoHeader(FILE* f)
{
	unsigned int bisize = 0;
	short biplanes = 0;
	unsigned int biCompression = 0;
	unsigned int bixpelsPerMeter = 0;
	unsigned int biypelsPerMeter = 0;
	unsigned int biClrUsed = 0;
	unsigned int biClrImportant = 0;

	fseek(f,14,SEEK_SET);
	fread(&bisize,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&width,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&height,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&biplanes,sizeof(char),2,f);
	fread(&biBitCount,sizeof(char),2,f);
	fread(&biCompression,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&bixpelsPerMeter,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&biypelsPerMeter,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&biClrUsed,sizeof(char),4,f);
	fread(&biClrImportant,sizeof(char),4,f);
	
	printf("*************************************\n");
	printf("**************FILE Header************\n");
	printf("*************************************\n");
	
	printf("bisize=%d\n",bisize);
	printf("biwidth=%d\n",width);
	printf("biheigth=%d\n",height);
	printf("biBitCount=%d\n",biBitCount);
	printf("biCompression=%d\n",biCompression);
	printf("bixpelsPerMeter=%d\n",bixpelsPerMeter);
	printf("biypelsPerMeter=%d\n",biypelsPerMeter);
	printf("biClrUsed=%d\n",biClrUsed);
	printf("biClrImportant=%d\n",biClrImportant);
}
void colorData(FILE *f)
{
	//计算需要的表项数目 一个表需要4个字节
	int i,j;
	clrTable = (biBitCount==24)?0:multiply_2(biBitCount);
	int *tables = (int *)malloc(sizeof(char)*clrTable*4);

	printf("*************************************\n");
	printf("**************Color Info*************\n");
	printf("*************************************\n");
	
	printf("clrTable=%d\n",clrTable);

	for(i = 0,j = 0;i < clrTable;i++,j+=4)
	{
		fseek(f,54+j,SEEK_SET);
		fread(&tables[i],sizeof(char),4,f);
		printf("tables[%d]=%d\n",i,tables[i]);
	}
	
	
}
void dataPart(FILE *f)
{
	fseek(f,54+clrTable*4,SEEK_SET);
	int i;
	int m;
	int n;

	//每一个行的字节数
	int byteHeight = (width*biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
	int lineBytes = width;
	
	//将所有的像素存到字符串中
	unsigned char *count = (unsigned char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*byteHeight*lineBytes);

	//windows扫描 图像时 从下到上 从左到右
	fread(count,sizeof(char),lineBytes*byteHeight,f);

	//字符数组来记录每一个像素
	unsigned char **ch = (unsigned char **)malloc(sizeof(unsigned char *)*byteHeight);
	for(i = 0;i < byteHeight;i++)
	{
		*(ch+i) = (unsigned char *)malloc(sizeof(unsigned char *)*lineBytes);
	}
	
	//将一个像素点写入到文件中
	FILE *w = fopen("1.txt","w+");
	for(m = 0;m < byteHeight;m++)
	{
		for(n = 0;n < lineBytes;n++)
		{
			ch[m][n] = count[(byteHeight-1-m)*(lineBytes)+n];
			fprintf(w,"%-5d",ch[m][n]);
			if((n+1)%8 == 0)
			{
				fprintf(w,"\n");
			}
		}
	}
	printf("*************************************\n");
	printf("**************Data Area**************\n");
	printf("*************************************\n");
	printf("The data is written into the file successfully!\n");

	free(count);
	free(ch);
	fclose(f);
	fclose(w);
}