学习笔记：TabLayout 全面总结

一、简介

TabLayout提供了一个水平布局用于展示tabs，继承自HorizontalScrollView。一般与Viewpager结合使用实现页面和标签联动的效果，是时下APP中非常常用的一个控件

二、基本用法

1. 添加design依赖

compile 'com.android.support:design:25.3.1'

2. xml引用

1. xml中添加tab

<android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
    android:id="@+id/tab_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    <android.support.design.widget.TabItem
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Tab1"/>
    <android.support.design.widget.TabItem
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Tab2"/>
    <android.support.design.widget.TabItem
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Tab3"/>
    <android.support.design.widget.TabItem
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Tab4"/>
</android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>

2. 代码中添加tab

<android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
    android:id="@+id/tab_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>

// tablayout，Tab是TabLayout的内部类，且Tab的构造方法是包访问权限
TabLayout tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tab_layout);
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setText("Tab1"));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setText("Tab2"));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setText("Tab3"));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setText("Tab4"));

三、属性详解

<declare-styleable name="TabLayout">
    <!--指示器颜色-->
    <attr name="tabIndicatorColor" format="color"/>
    <!--指示器高度-->
    <attr name="tabIndicatorHeight" format="dimension"/>
     <!--指示器宽度 true:和tab同宽  false：和tab中的字同宽 -->
    <attr name="tabIndicatorFullWidth" format="boolean"/>
    <!--tabs距TabLayout开始位置的偏移量，但app:tabMode="scrollable"才生效-->
    <attr name="tabContentStart" format="dimension"/>
    <!--仅是Tab背景，设置TabLayout背景用android:background-->
    <attr name="tabBackground" format="reference"/>
    <!--默认fixed，所有Tab只能在屏幕内显示，超出会被挤压；scrollable,tab数量多会超出屏幕，可滑动-->
    <attr name="tabMode">
        <enum name="scrollable" value="0"/>
        <enum name="fixed" value="1"/>
    </attr>
    <!--默认fill，tab填满TabLayout,但tabMode=“fixed”才生效；center，tabs位于TabLayout的中间-->
    <attr name="tabGravity">
        <enum name="fill" value="0"/>
        <enum name="center" value="1"/>
    </attr>
    <!--Tab的最小宽度-->
    <attr name="tabMinWidth" format="dimension"/>
    <!--Tab的最大宽度-->
    <attr name="tabMaxWidth" format="dimension"/>
    <!--Tab文本设置样式-->
    <attr name="tabTextAppearance" format="reference"/>
    <!--Tab未选中字体颜色-->
    <attr name="tabTextColor" format="color"/>
    <!--Tab选中字体颜色-->
    <attr name="tabSelectedTextColor" format="color"/>
    <!--Tab内填充相关-->
    <attr name="tabPaddingStart" format="dimension"/>
    <attr name="tabPaddingTop" format="dimension"/>
    <attr name="tabPaddingEnd" format="dimension"/>
    <attr name="tabPaddingBottom" format="dimension"/>
    <attr name="tabPadding" format="dimension"/>
</declare-styleable>

使用示例

 <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
    android:id="@+id/tab_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
    app:tabIndicatorHeight="2dp"
    app:tabContentStart="50dp"
    app:tabBackground="@color/colorAccent"
    app:tabMode="scrollable"
    app:tabGravity="fill"
    app:tabTextAppearance="@style/MyTabTextAppearance"
    app:tabTextColor="@android:color/black"
    app:tabSelectedTextColor="@android:color/white"/>

<style name="MyTabTextAppearance" parent="TextAppearance.Design.Tab">
    <item name="textAllCaps">false</item>
    <item name="android:textSize">18sp</item>
</style>

四、图文混排，Tab中添加图片

1. 通过SpannableString设置图片

@NonNull
private SpannableString setImageSpan(String string,int drawableId) {
    SpannableString ss = new SpannableString("  "+string);
    Drawable drawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, drawableId);
    drawable.setBounds(0,0,drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(),drawable.getIntrinsicHeight());
    ImageSpan imageSpan = new ImageSpan(drawable);
    ss.setSpan(imageSpan,0,1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
    return ss;
}

TabLayout tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tab_layout);
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setText(setImageSpan("Tab1",R.drawable.ic_home)));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setText(setImageSpan("Tab2",R.drawable.ic_info)));
……

我们会发现个问题，通过ImageSpan设置的图片和文字没有对齐，先百度到一个可用方法解决：重写ImageSpan的draw()方法

package com.strivestay.tablayoutdemo;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.text.style.ImageSpan;

public class CenterImageSpan extends ImageSpan {
    public CenterImageSpan(Drawable drawable) {
        super(drawable);

    }

    public CenterImageSpan(Bitmap b) {
        super(b);
    }

    @Override
    public void draw(@NonNull Canvas canvas, CharSequence text, int start, int end, float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
                     @NonNull Paint paint) {

        Drawable b = getDrawable();
        Paint.FontMetricsInt fm = paint.getFontMetricsInt();
        int transY = (y + fm.descent + y + fm.ascent) / 2 - b.getBounds().bottom / 2;//计算y方向的位移
        canvas.save();
        canvas.translate(x, transY);//绘制图片位移一段距离
        b.draw(canvas);
        canvas.restore();
    }
}

将上面的ImageSpan替换为现在的CenterImageSpan，即可实现图文混排时对齐

2. 通过Tab.setCustomView()设置图片

1. 自定义view布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_home"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="2dp"
        android:textSize="16sp"
        android:text="首页"/>
</LinearLayout>

2. 代码设置

 TabLayout tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tab_layout);
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setCustomView(setCustomView(R.drawable.ic_home,"首页")));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setCustomView(setCustomView(R.drawable.ic_info,"资讯")));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setCustomView(setCustomView(R.drawable.ic_live,"直播")));
tabLayout.addTab(tabLayout.newTab().setCustomView(setCustomView(R.drawable.ic_me,"我")));

 private View setCustomView(int drawableId,String tabText) {
    View view = View.inflate(this, R.layout.item_tab, null);
    ImageView iv = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv);
    TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv);
    iv.setImageResource(drawableId);
    tv.setText(tabText);
    return view;
}

五、TabLayout与Viewpager联动

1. xml设置TabLayout和Viewpager

第一种：TabLayout放置在Viewpager的上方，放在AppbarLayout中会有阴影效果

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/main_content"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    tools:context="com.strivestay.tablayoutdemo.MainActivity">

    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:id="@+id/appbar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingTop="@dimen/appbar_padding_top"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">

        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
            app:layout_scrollFlags="scroll|enterAlways"
            app:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay">

        </android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>

        <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
            android:id="@+id/tab_layout"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorAccent"
            app:tabIndicatorHeight="2dp"
            app:tabBackground="@android:color/white"
            app:tabTextAppearance="@style/MyTabTextAppearance"
            app:tabTextColor="@android:color/black"
            app:tabSelectedTextColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light">
        </android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>

    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>

    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"/>

    <android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton
        android:id="@+id/fab"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="end|bottom"
        android:layout_margin="@dimen/fab_margin"
        app:srcCompat="@android:drawable/ic_dialog_email"/>

</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

第二种：TabLayout直接放在Viewpager，无阴影

<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior">
    <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
        android:id="@+id/tab_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorAccent"
        app:tabIndicatorHeight="2dp"
        app:tabBackground="@android:color/white"
        app:tabTextAppearance="@style/MyTabTextAppearance"
        app:tabTextColor="@android:color/black"
        app:tabSelectedTextColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light">
    </android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>
</android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>

2. 为Viewpager创建适配器

/**
 * fragment
 */
public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
    private static final String ARG_SECTION = "section";

    public PlaceholderFragment() {
    }

    public static PlaceholderFragment newInstance(String section) {
        PlaceholderFragment fragment = new PlaceholderFragment();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putString(ARG_SECTION, section);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
        TextView textView = (TextView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.section_label);
        textView.setText(getArguments().getString(ARG_SECTION));
        return rootView;
    }
}

/**
 * pagerAdapter
 */
public class SectionsPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
    String[] tabs = {"首页","资讯","直播","我"};

    public SectionsPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        return PlaceholderFragment.newInstance(tabs[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return tabs.length;
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
        return tabs[position];
    }
}

主要是重写getPageTitle()方法

3. 代码设置 TabLayout和Viewpager绑定

 // tablayout
TabLayout tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tab_layout);

// vp
mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.container);
mSectionsPagerAdapter = new SectionsPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
mViewPager.setAdapter(mSectionsPagerAdapter);

// 绑定，要在viewpager设置完数据后，调用此方法，否则不显示 tabs文本
tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(mViewPager);

调用setupWithViewPager()方法，则使用TabLayout.addtab()方法无效，TabLayout会清除之前添加的所有tabs，并将根据Viewpager的页数添加Tab，Tab标题为对应页通过getPageTitle()返回的文本

4. 图文混排

1. 同上，使用SpannableString

修改Adapter如下：

/**
 * pagerAdapter
 */
public class SectionsPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

    String[] tabs = {"首页","资讯","直播","我"};
    int[] imgs = {R.drawable.ic_home,R.drawable.ic_info,R.drawable.ic_live,R.drawable.ic_me};

    public SectionsPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        return PlaceholderFragment.newInstance(tabs[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return tabs.length;
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
//            return tabs[position];
        return setImageSpan(tabs[position],imgs[position]);
    }
}

setImageSpan()方法同上

2. 同上，使用Tab.setCustomView()

修改pagerAdapter如下：

/**
 * pagerAdapter
 */
public class SectionsPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

    String[] tabs = {"首页","资讯","直播","我"};
    int[] imgs = {R.drawable.ic_home,R.drawable.ic_info,R.drawable.ic_live,R.drawable.ic_me};

    public SectionsPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        return PlaceholderFragment.newInstance(tabs[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return tabs.length;
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
//            return tabs[position];
//            return setImageSpan(tabs[position],imgs[position]);
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 设置自定义view
     * @param position
     * @return
     */
    public View setCustomView(int position) {
        View view = View.inflate(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.item_tab, null);
        ImageView iv = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv);
        TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv);
        iv.setImageResource(imgs[position]);
        tv.setText(tabs[position]);
        return view;
    }
}

代码修改如下：

…………
// 绑定，要在viewpager设置完数据后，调用此方法，否则不显示 tabs文本
tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(mViewPager);

// 为绑定viewpager后的TabLayout的tabs设置自定义view
for (int i = 0; i < mSectionsPagerAdapter.getCount(); i++) {
    tabLayout.getTabAt(i).setCustomView(mSectionsPagerAdapter.setCustomView(i));
}

发现问题：我使用的仍然是上面的item_tab,但是只显示图片，不显示文字如下

翻了翻源码，也没发现有对Tab的标题有特别的设置；后来，就感觉是不是颜色问题，给item_tab中的textview加上属性android:textColor="@android:color/black",就显示出来了

六、FlycoTabLayout

这是一个不错的TabLayout开源项目，效果挺好，可以了解一下。

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