POJ3694 Network 无向图的桥

题目描述：

Description
A network administrator manages a large network. The network consists of N computers and M links between pairs of computers. Any pair of computers are connected directly or indirectly by successive links, so data can be transformed between any two computers. The administrator finds that some links are vital to the network, because failure of any one of them can cause that data can’t be transformed between some computers. He call such a link a bridge. He is planning to add some new links one by one to eliminate all bridges.

You are to help the administrator by reporting the number of bridges in the network after each new link is added.

Input
The input consists of multiple test cases. Each test case starts with a line containing two integers N(1 ≤ N ≤ 100,000) and M(N - 1 ≤ M ≤ 200,000).
Each of the following M lines contains two integers A and B ( 1≤ A ≠ B ≤ N), which indicates a link between computer A and B. Computers are numbered from 1 to N. It is guaranteed that any two computers are connected in the initial network.
The next line contains a single integer Q ( 1 ≤ Q ≤ 1,000), which is the number of new links the administrator plans to add to the network one by one.
The i-th line of the following Q lines contains two integer A and B (1 ≤ A ≠ B ≤ N), which is the i-th added new link connecting computer A and B.

The last test case is followed by a line containing two zeros.

Output
For each test case, print a line containing the test case number( beginning with 1) and Q lines, the i-th of which contains a integer indicating the number of bridges in the network after the first i new links are added. Print a blank line after the output for each test case.

Sample Input

3 2
1 2
2 3
2
1 2
1 3
4 4
1 2
2 1
2 3
1 4
2
1 2
3 4
0 0 

Sample Output

Case 1:
1
0

Case 2:
2
0 

题目分析：

n个点，m条边的无向图，给q个询问，每个询问加一条边，求加入边后图的桥数量。
Tarjan算法和LCA算法。

代码如下：

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
const int MAXN =100010;
const int MAXM =400010;
using namespace std;
int head[MAXN];
int tot,index;
int bridge;
int dfn[MAXN],low[MAXN],fa[MAXN],Dfn[MAXN];
bool cut[MAXN];
struct Edge
{
    int to,next;
}edge[MAXM];

void addedge(int u,int v)
{
    edge[tot].to=v;
    edge[tot].next=head[u];
    head[u]=tot++;
}
void init()
{
    memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
    memset(dfn,0,sizeof(dfn));
    memset(dfn,0,sizeof(dfn));
    memset(cut,0,sizeof(cut));
    fa[1]=1,dfn[0]=0;
    tot=bridge=index=0;
}
void tarjan(int u,int pre)
{
    dfn[u]=low[u]=++index;
    Dfn[u]=Dfn[pre]+1;
    for(int i=head[u]; i!=-1; i=edge[i].next)
    {
        int v=edge[i].to;
        if(v==pre) continue;
        if(!dfn[v])
        {
            fa[v]=u;
            tarjan(v,u);
            low[u]=min(low[u],low[v]);
            if(low[v]>dfn[u])
            {
                cut[v]=1;
                bridge++;
            }
        }
        else
            low[u]=min(low[u],dfn[v]);
    }
}
void LCA(int u,int v)
{
    if(Dfn[u]<Dfn[v]) swap(u,v);
    while(Dfn[u]>Dfn[v])
    {
        if(cut[u])
        {
            bridge--;
            cut[u]=false;
        }
        u=fa[u];
    }
    while(u!=v)
    {
        if(cut[u])
        {
            bridge--;
            cut[u]=false;
        }
        if(cut[v])
        {
            bridge--;
            cut[v]=false;
        }
        u=fa[u],v=fa[v];
    }
}
int n,m,q;
int main()
{
    int cas=0;
    while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m) && (n||m))
    {
        init();
        for(int i=1; i<=m; i++)
        {
            int u,v;
            scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
            addedge(u,v);
            addedge(v,u);
        }
        tarjan(1,0);
        scanf("%d",&q);
        printf("Case %d:\n",++cas);
        for(int i=1; i<=q; i++)
        {
            int u,v;
            scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
            LCA(u,v);
            printf("%d\n",bridge);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}