LinearLayout源码解析

为什么学习

自从学了Android自定义控件的一些知识，总是处于似懂非懂状态，说都说了上来，自己在项目里封装了一些自定义控件，但是还是缺乏一个很直观的了解。所以去了解学习下Android是如何封装控件的，就从简单的入手，分析下LinearLayout是如何实现的

什么是LinearLayout

作为最基础的布局，所以从事过Android开发的同学都应该非常了解
中文解释应该叫做线性布局，相比如RelativeLayout，LinearLayout更简单，在没有weight的情况也每次只要测量一次就够，而RelativeLayout每次都需要测量两次

一些LinearLayout需要注意的属性

orientation 纵向排布或者水平排布

weight 权重，用于分配LinearLayout剩下的空间（会详细介绍）

measureWithLargestChild 这个属性不常见，如果赋值为true的话，所有
weight子View都会采用最大View的最小尺寸（为什么Android要设计这个属性，我也不是很理解）

源码分析

一般所有控件类的源码，都会从 measure, layout和draw3个方法入手，查看他们的回调函数onMeasure, onLayout和onDraw
只要明白这3个流程，一般控件的整个实现也就明白了
LinearLayout作为一个ViewGroup的子类，主要作为一个布局容器出现，所以我们需要重点查看写onMeasure方法

@Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        if (mOrientation == VERTICAL) {
            measureVertical(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        } else {
            measureHorizontal(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        }
    }

从上面代码看到，LinearLayout的onMeasure方法实现非常简洁，根据布局方向分为measureVertical和measureHorizontal。下后面的onLayout和onDraw也是如此。鉴于内部实现基本一模一样，我在这只分析纵向的实现

/**
     * Measures the children when the orientation of this LinearLayout is set
     * to {@link #VERTICAL}.
     *
     * @param widthMeasureSpec Horizontal space requirements as imposed by the parent.
     * @param heightMeasureSpec Vertical space requirements as imposed by the parent.
     *
     * @see #getOrientation()
     * @see #setOrientation(int)
     * @see #onMeasure(int, int)
     */
    void measureVertical(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        mTotalLength = 0;
        int maxWidth = 0;
        int childState = 0;
        int alternativeMaxWidth = 0;
        int weightedMaxWidth = 0;
        boolean allFillParent = true;
        float totalWeight = 0;

        final int count = getVirtualChildCount();

        final int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);

        boolean matchWidth = false;
        boolean skippedMeasure = false;

        final int baselineChildIndex = mBaselineAlignedChildIndex;        
        final boolean useLargestChild = mUseLargestChild;

        int largestChildHeight = Integer.MIN_VALUE;

        // See how tall everyone is. Also remember max width.
        for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
            final View child = getVirtualChildAt(i);

            if (child == null) {
                mTotalLength += measureNullChild(i);
                continue;
            }

            if (child.getVisibility() == View.GONE) {
               i += getChildrenSkipCount(child, i);
               continue;
            }

            if (hasDividerBeforeChildAt(i)) {
                mTotalLength += mDividerHeight;
            }

            LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = (LinearLayout.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

            totalWeight += lp.weight;

            if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY && lp.height == 0 && lp.weight > 0) {
                // Optimization: don't bother measuring children who are going to use
                // leftover space. These views will get measured again down below if
                // there is any leftover space.
                final int totalLength = mTotalLength;
                mTotalLength = Math.max(totalLength, totalLength + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);
                skippedMeasure = true;
            } else {
                int oldHeight = Integer.MIN_VALUE;

                if (lp.height == 0 && lp.weight > 0) {
                    // heightMode is either UNSPECIFIED or AT_MOST, and this
                    // child wanted to stretch to fill available space.
                    // Translate that to WRAP_CONTENT so that it does not end up
                    // with a height of 0
                    oldHeight = 0;
                    lp.height = LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
                }

                // Determine how big this child would like to be. If this or
                // previous children have given a weight, then we allow it to
                // use all available space (and we will shrink things later
                // if needed).
                measureChildBeforeLayout(
                       child, i, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec,
                       totalWeight == 0 ? mTotalLength : 0);

                if (oldHeight != Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
                   lp.height = oldHeight;
                }

                final int childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
                final int totalLength = mTotalLength;
                mTotalLength = Math.max(totalLength, totalLength + childHeight + lp.topMargin +
                       lp.bottomMargin + getNextLocati