1. 源数据库环境
操作系统版本 : Centos6.7 x64
将参数文件备份、控制文件备份、数据文件备份、以及归档备份到目标主机
1 此处实验环境为同平台，同字节序，同版本，源机器和目标机器相同的目录结构。
2 目标机器只需要安装oracle只安装oracle数据库软件,no netca dbca
3 第一次利用备份恢复测试环境，之后从源机器拷贝备份到目标机器并在控制文件中注册，再见行恢复测试。
备份数据库
backup format '/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_%d_%U' database includecurrent controlfile plus archivelog delete input;
orapwdfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/orapwprb' password=oracleentries=10 force=y
1 rman 连接到源数据库
prd-db1-> rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 1719:23:27 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PRB (DBID=1906641159)
RMAN>
2 分别列出参数文件备份，控制文件备份，数据文件备份，以及归档备份的名字
参数文件备份如下：
RMAN> list backup of spfile;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time CompletionTime
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 2016/08/17 16:47:34
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160817T164718
Piece Name:/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_04rdg8d5_1_1
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 2016/08/17 16:30:57
SPFILE db_unique_name:PRB
控制文件备份如下：
RMAN> list backup of controlfile;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time CompletionTime
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- -------------------------------
3 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 2016/08/17 16:47:34
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160817T164718
Piece Name:/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_04rdg8d5_1_1
Control File Included:Ckp SCN: 972048 Ckp time:2016/08/17 16:47:33
数据文件备份如下：
RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time CompletionTime
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- -------------------------------
2 Full 1.08G DISK 00:00:15 2016/08/17 16:47:33
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160817T164718
Piece Name:/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_03rdg8cm_1_1
List of Datafiles inbackup set 2
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ----------------------------- ----
1 Full 972030 2016/08/17 16:47:18/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/system01.dbf
2 Full 972030 2016/08/17 16:47:18/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 972030 2016/08/17 16:47:18/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 972030 2016/08/17 16:47:18/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/users01.dbf
列出归档备份如下：
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time CompletionTime
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1 68.93M DISK 00:00:01 2016/08/17 16:47:17
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160817T164716
Piece Name:/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_02rdg8ck_1_1
List of Archived Logsin backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ----------------------------- ---------- ---------
1 4 955212 2016/08/17 16:26:15966337 2016/08/17 16:28:09
1 5 966337 2016/08/17 16:28:09971912 2016/08/17 16:45:39
1 6 971912 2016/08/17 16:45:39 972019 2016/08/17 16:47:16
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time CompletionTime
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
4 13.00K DISK 00:00:00 2016/08/17 16:47:35
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160817T164735
Piece Name:/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_05rdg8d7_1_1
List of Archived Logsin backup set 4
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ----------------------------- ---------- ---------
1 7 972019 2016/08/17 16:47:16972053 2016/08/17 16:47:35
目标主机创建相应的目录
mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/admin/prb/{adump,dpdump,pfile,scripts}
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/prb
mkdir -p /u01/prb/rmanbk
mkdir -p /u01/archivelog
3 将备份文件、密码文件copy到目标主机
scp /u01/prb/rmanbk/* oracle@prd-db2:/u01/prb/rmanbk/
scp/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/orapwprb oracle@prd-db2: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/
恢复参数文件及控制文件
1 配置新主机上的ORACLE_SID
echo 'db_name=prb' > $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initprb.ora
export ORACLE_SID=prb
sqlplus / assysdba@prb
startup nomountpfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/initprb.ora'
目标主机上发起rman连接
prd-db2-> rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 1718:36:34 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
设置dbid 并启动实例到nomount状态
RMAN> set dbid 3601019238
executing command: SET DBID
RMAN> startup nomount;
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2251816 bytes
Variable Size 159384536 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5189632 bytes
恢复spfile文件
RMAN> restore spfile to'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/spfileprb.ora' from '/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_04rdg8d5_1_1';
Starting restore at 2016/08/17 18:37:40
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_04rdg8d5_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 2016/08/17 18:37:41
startup force nomount
RMAN> startup forcenomount;
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 584568832 bytes
Fixed Size 2255432 bytes
Variable Size 226493880 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3497984 bytes
恢复控制文件
RMAN> restore controlfile to'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/control01.ctl' from '/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_04rdg8d5_1_1';
Starting restore at 2016/08/17 18:38:26
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 2016/08/17 18:38:27
启动数据库到加载状态
RMAN> alter database mount;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACKFOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 08/17/201618:38:39
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, checkalert log for more info
prd-db2-> export ORACLE_SID=prb
prd-db2-> sqlplus /as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Aug 17 18:42:042016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 -64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real ApplicationTesting options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 584568832 bytes
Fixed Size 2255432 bytes
Variable Size 226493880 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3497984 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, checkalert log for more info
解决办法：
scp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/control01.ctlprd-db2:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/
scp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/prb/control02.ctl prd-db2:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/prb/
启动到mount状态正常
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 584568832 bytes
Fixed Size 2255432 bytes
Variable Size 226493880 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3497984 bytes
Database mounted.
三 在新控制文件中注册数据文件备份和归档备份
prd-db2-> rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 1718:52:34 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PRB (DBID=1906641159, not open)
RMAN> catalog start with '/u01/prb/rmanbk/';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/prb/rmanbk/
no files found to be unknown to the database
恢复整个库
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 2016/08/17 18:53:42
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore frombackup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_03rdg8cm_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piecehandle=/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_03rdg8cm_1_1 tag=TAG20160817T164718
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished restore at 2016/08/17 18:53:57
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 2016/08/17 18:54:12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to defaultdestination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=7
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_05rdg8d7_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piecehandle=/u01/prb/rmanbk/fulldb_PRB_05rdg8d7_1_1 tag=TAG20160817T164735
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PRB/archivelog/2016_08_17/o1_mf_1_7_cv8jlo4y_.arcthread=1 sequence=7
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/17/2016 18:54:14
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement:alter database recover logfile '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PRB/archivelog/2016_08_17/o1_mf_1_7_cv8jlo4y_.arc'
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prb/redo02.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
缺失归档日志情况下的恢复
prd-db2-> export ORACLE_SID=prb
prd-db2-> sqlplus /as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Aug 17 19:03:522016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 -64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real ApplicationTesting options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 584568832 bytes
Fixed Size 2255432 bytes
Variable Size 226493880 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3497984 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open ;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option fordatabase open
SQL> alter database open noresetlogs;
alter database open noresetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01588: must use RESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
7
数据库正常启动
prd-db2-> export ORACLE_SID=prb
prd-db2-> sqlplus /as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Aug 17 19:11:492016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 -64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real ApplicationTesting options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 584568832 bytes
Fixed Size 2255432 bytes
Variable Size 226493880 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 3497984 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
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