wiki百科翻译之Lean software development之Decide as late as possible

Decide as late as possible

延迟决定

As software development is always associated with some uncertainty, better results should be achieved with an options-based approach, delaying decisions as much as possible until they can be made based on facts and not on uncertain assumptions and predictions. The more complex a system is, the more capacity for change should be built into it, thus enabling the delay of important and crucial commitments. The iterative approach promotes this principle – the ability to adapt to changes and correct mistakes, which might be very costly if discovered after the release of the system.

因为软件开发通常具有一定的不确定性，基于多种选择的方法能够达成更好的结果，尽可能的延迟决定，直到能够基于事实而不是不确定的假定和预测来做出决定。一个系统越复杂，就越是需要构建其容纳变更的能力，从而使系统能够将至关重要的决定延后处理。迭代法对于这项原则有着促进推动的作用-如果在系统上线前没有及时发现需求变更和改正错误，将会导致极大的损耗和浪费。

An agile software development approach can move the building of options earlier for customers, thus delaying certain crucial decisions until customers have realized their needs better. This also allows later adaptation to changes and the prevention of costly earlier technology-bounded decisions. This does not mean that no planning should be involved – on the contrary, planning activities should be concentrated on the different options and adapting to the current situation, as well as clarifying confusing situations by establishing patterns for rapid action. Evaluating different options is effective as soon as it is realized that they are not free, but provide the needed flexibility for late decision making.

敏捷软件开发思想就是为客户今早的提供产品功能使用，并且延迟确定重要决定直到客户意识到他们需要更好的产品。同时，敏捷软件开发思想允许推迟版本更新以及避免因为早期设定的技术约束导致的浪费损耗。这并不意味着整个开发过程是无计划的。相反，计划活动应该将焦点集中在不同的选项上，适应当前的解决方案，通过建立快速模型来明确混淆不清的解决方案。一旦不同的选项之间互相影响，对其进行选项评估将是一种非常有效的方法，但你仍然需要提供灵活的需求以应对后续的决策制定。